How To Build A Greenhouse Made Of Wood With Your Own Hands - Step By Step Instructions With Photos, Videos And Drawings

2024 Author: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 22:26

An ever-popular classic: a greenhouse made of wood

Building a greenhouse yourself is a fun process. Firstly, I just want to admire my own creation, and secondly, the structure turns out exactly as it was seen in the imagination. And most importantly, a homemade greenhouse is cheaper than a factory building.

Content

• 1 Design and functionality of a greenhouse made of wood
• 2 Drawings and diagrams of wooden buildings of various configurations

• 3 Subtleties of choosing a material for building a greenhouse

  • 3.1 Material for timber frame
  • 3.2 Covering material

• 4 Preparation for construction

  • 4.1 Required materials
  • 4.2 Tools

• 5 Phased construction of a wooden greenhouse

  5.1 Video: do-it-yourself greenhouse from a bar

• 6 Features of finishing the greenhouse

  6.1 Photo Gallery: Wooden Frame Greenhouses

Construction and functionality of a greenhouse made of wood

The greenhouse has a frame structure and is made of beams. The connection of the purlins is provided by the upper and lower struts. The upper part of the frame consists of rafter legs.

The structure is composed of many bars fixed at the same distance from each other

A door frame is inserted into one end side of the greenhouse. She, the walls and the roof of the structure are covered with foil, glass or polycarbonate.

Plastic wrap is often stretched over the wooden frame of the greenhouse.

A greenhouse as a structure with a wooden frame, finished with some transparent but durable material, performs certain tasks:

• collects heat radiation coming from outside and retains it, creating the necessary conditions for the rapid growth of plants;
• protects vegetables from negative environmental influences: strong wind, snow, pests and animals that can break plant stems.

Drawings and diagrams of wooden buildings of various configurations

The greenhouse can be single-pitched, attached to a building or free-standing on the site.

Shed roof construction is assembled from longitudinal, vertical and transverse wooden elements

Another version of the greenhouse is a building with a gable roof, inclined more than 30 degrees.

The height of the structure excluding the roof is 1.5 meters

An arched design for growing plants is no less popular. The difference between this building is the vaulted ceiling, which makes the greenhouse beautiful and very warm.

To create a greenhouse frame, you can use bars with a section of 30 × 40 mm in combination with arcs

The weight of a wooden structure is significant, so it requires installation on a solid base. But some do without it, using boards or pins as anchors.

The ends of the structure racks can be wrapped in polyethylene, immersed in the ground and covered with rubble, which will ensure their reliable fixation without using a foundation

However, the foundation is important for any large structure. A particularly reliable base is required for a greenhouse that is placed on a slope. It is customary to fix a plant for growing plants on a strip brick or columnar foundation.

The columnar foundation will provide reliable fastening of the structure, although, unlike the strip base, it is constructed of a small amount of materials

But most often, in order to spend a minimum of finance and at the same time fix the greenhouse well in its place, use a base of thick beams.

Crushed stone is necessarily poured under the base of the beams and a waterproofing sheet is laid

When drawing up a drawing, one must understand that the functionality of a greenhouse depends on its dimensions. The optimal building dimensions are 3 meters wide and 6 meters long.

The greenhouse should be such that there is enough space in it for both plants and people

The height of the structure is always determined by the height of the person. To make it convenient for the gardener to care for the plants, there must be at least 2.5 meters of free space from the ground surface to the highest point of the roof. In a gable structure, the height of the walls is usually 2 meters.

Subtleties of choosing a material for building a greenhouse

In order to build a good, reliable greenhouse, you need to choose high-quality material. It must be strong, lightweight and resistant to external influences.

Material for timber frame

The reliable wooden frame of the greenhouse is the guarantee of its long service life. Therefore, it is better to build the frame from larch - a type of wood that does not rot for a long time and is characterized by high strength.

The bars for the construction of a greenhouse are chosen carefully, weeding out defects.

The greenhouse frame should be made of planks or beams with the following characteristics:

• humidity not more than 20%;
• perfect appearance (without rot and traces of wood damage by bark beetles);
• flat surface (chips, cracks and knots are signs of defective material).

The dimensions of the beams from which the building frame will be assembled depend on the weight of the covering material. In most cases, the wooden frame of the greenhouse is covered with a polyethylene film with a thickness of 100 to 200 microns, glass with a density of 5 to 10 mm, and four-millimeter polycarbonate.

It is more common for gardeners to cover the greenhouse frame with foil rather than glass or polycarbonate.

Covering material

A very important role is played by the choice of covering material for the greenhouse. After all, it is on it that the main function of the greenhouse lies: to retain heat, which will ensure the rapid growth of plants. There are three main covering materials.

1. Film. The material is lightweight and therefore does not exert pressure on the wood. This means that you can safely use medium-sized construction materials as racks and rafters of the structure, for example, 5 × 5 cm beams. But the base of the greenhouse should be made of lumber with parameters 5 × 10 cm, because it will have to experience significant loads.

   

   A relatively thin beam can hold the film

2. Glass. This covering material needs reliable support. It is more advisable to make the racks of the frame of a glass greenhouse from beams with a thickness of at least 7 cm and a width of 7 to 9 cm. And the rafter system is better to be built from sawn timber with parameters 4.5 × 9 cm.

   

   A thin beam will not withstand the pressure of glass, therefore, for the construction of the skeleton of a glass greenhouse, a material with a thickness of at least 7 cm is used

3. Polycarbonate. The greenhouse, which it was decided to cover with polycarbonate sheets, requires the construction of a skeleton from materials with different sections. For the ridge of the roof and the base of the structure, beams with a size of 5 × 10 cm are suitable. The door frame and pillars are supposed to be made of wooden elements with a cross section of 5 × 5 cm, and the door leaf and the frame of the vents are made of timber with parameters 5 × 4 cm. And the tasks of polycarbonate stiffening ribs greenhouses will do well with boards measuring 40 × 180 mm.

   

   In a polycarbonate greenhouse, it is customary to make only the base of the structure super strong.

Preparation for construction

We will be building a classic timber frame greenhouse. Glass was chosen as a covering material.

Necessary materials

To build a greenhouse, you must purchase the following materials:

• crushed stone;

• roofing material;

  

  Roofing material - material for waterproofing structures

• 4 beams 9 cm thick, 9 cm wide and 4.2 m long;
• 4 beams 9 cm thick, 9 cm wide and 3 m long;
• 12 beams 9 cm thick, 9 cm wide and 3.6 m long;
• 38 beams 9 cm thick, 9 cm wide and 1.8 m long;
• 2 carriages (half beam) with a section of 4.5x9 cm and a length of 3 m;
• 4 carriages with a section of 4.5x9 cm and a length of 4.2 m;
• 24 carriages with a section of 4.5x9 cm and a length of 2.4 m;
• 28 carriages with a section of 4.5x9 cm and a length of 1.8 m;
• 34 carriages with a section of 4.5x9 cm and a length of 1.2 m;
• 102 carriages with a section of 4.5x9 cm and a length of 90 cm;
• 8 sheets of plywood 12x1220x2440 mm in size;
• 34 m² of glass 10 mm thick (18 m² of material will go to the walls, and 16 m² to the roof);
• antiseptic composition for wood processing;
• steel cornice;
• 3 pairs of door hinges;
• door handles and locks;
• sealant;

• glazing beads.

  

  The function of glazing beads is to ensure reliable fastening of glass to the sealant

Tools

Greenhouse construction work involves the use of tools and fasteners such as:

• shovel;
• a hammer;
• square;
• building level;
• measuring tape;
• a circular saw;
• a piece of cord;
• screwdriver;
• self-tapping screws;
• nails 10 cm long;

• finishing nails 7.5 cm long with a small head.

  

  Finish nails have a tiny cap that makes them invisible

Phased construction of a wooden greenhouse

A greenhouse with a wooden frame, finished with glass, is constructed step by step:

1. On the site, they mark the perimeter of the building. To do this, use pegs and fishing line.

   

   It is advised to mark the perimeter of the greenhouse with pegs

2. They dig a trench 1 meter deep and 50 cm wide. The bottom is covered with rubble, which is carefully pressed. Roofing material is placed on the tamped stones, and on it is a foundation made of 4 thick beams 4.2 and 3 meters long. The wooden base is covered with an antiseptic.

   

   The base of the greenhouse is placed on compacted rubble

3. Wall racks are placed on the foundation, that is, beams with a section of 9 × 9 cm. For a while, these wooden elements are propped up with boards. How level the racks stand is checked with the level and length of the cord.

   

   First, they put the racks, and then proceed to the installation of the upper strapping

4. At the top, the racks are fastened to each other with a strapping, the beams of which are connected according to the "half-tree" method. Runs on the side of the structure are marked for the installation of rafters. In the marked points, sloped nests are hollowed out.

   

   At one end of the bar, a cut is made to half of its thickness, on the other bar, the same cut is made, but on the other side of the end

5. Collect the gables of the roof frame. Racks for them are built from thick boards. The wooden element, which will become the ridge, is placed under the rafter legs in the pre-created grooves. The flatness of the finished slope is evaluated by means of a cord. The rafter legs are treated with an antiseptic compound.

   

   The first to collect the pediments located on the edge of the structure

6. Greenhouse frames are made from 4.5x9 cm beams. It is important to connect the parts to each other at the same angle. In the manufactured frame, grooves are created. Planks are inserted into them - canvas elements.
7. Upper frames are made for installing glass. Only well-dried boards are used as panels.

8. Starting from the ends of the frame, the panels previously assembled from the boards are attached to the nails for finishing. Later, the same task is performed on the sides of the greenhouse. At the same time, do not forget that the width of the side panels is greater than that of the end panels. Sheathing plates are placed between the posts and covered with an antiseptic.

   

   The end panels are assembled first, and then the wide side

9. Simple door frames are inserted into two openings at the ends of the structure. The door is fully glazed. The handle is attached to an additional wooden element.

10. A small section rail is attached to the details of the pediment, which is called glazing bead. The element is covered with a sealant, and already cut glass is placed in the formed grooves. Their fastening from the outside is carried out using thin nails.

    

    Glass is inserted using sealant and glazing beads

11. The roof of the greenhouse is glazed in the same way as the walls. As a support, a rail is used, nailed to the sides of the rafters in a special way: with an indent from the upper edge by the thickness of the glass blank and glazing bead. The glasses are inserted using a sealant and fixed with glazing beads and nails on a thin leg.

12. Having glazed the roof, a wind board is nailed to the end parts of the rafter legs.

    

    The greenhouse is only half glazed, which makes it original and durable

Video: do it yourself greenhouse from a bar

Features of finishing the greenhouse

If you want to make the greenhouse beautiful, then it is recommended to treat its wooden elements from the outside with breathable facade paint. We are talking about a water-dispersive coloring emulsion.

However, many gardeners say that there is no special need for paint. It will not improve the functionality of the greenhouse, but will only make the building look attractive.

As a result of special processing, the wood is covered with a protective film

When you want to achieve both the attractiveness and durability of the greenhouse frame, you should use wood impregnation. This product has a pleasant color, protects the wood from damage by bacteria and insures it against decay.

Photo gallery: timber framed greenhouses

Greenhouse according to Meathlider stands out from the rest with an unusual roof structure

Warm air in the tent structure is collected under the roof and expelled thanks to the windows, which provides better ventilation for plants

The arched greenhouse along the Mitlider ensures the flow of fresh air into the structure

An arched greenhouse with a wooden frame is often covered with polycarbonate

A wooden greenhouse can be built from old wooden window frames

If possible, you can attach the greenhouse to one of the walls of the heated house - this will provide additional heat inside the structure

One of the ways to combat the negative effects of the external environment on the greenhouse is to paint the frame with paint and varnish material, which will restrain the destruction of the structure.

It is difficult to build a round greenhouse made of wood due to the large number of parts and docking corners, but outwardly the greenhouse looks very impressive

Absolutely nothing prevents the owner of the cottage from building a greenhouse of the desired configuration based on wood. This material can be combined with any covering materials. To make a greenhouse out of it, you just need to thoroughly study the instructions.