Cherry Ovstuzhenka: Description And Characteristics Of The Variety, Advantages And Disadvantages, Planting And Care Features With Photos And Reviews

2024 Author: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 22:26

Early cherry Ovstuzhenka

Scientific research institutes are constantly developing new varieties of trees. Not so long ago (in 2001), the Ovstuzhenka cherry was added to the register, which has excellent characteristics and is zoned for the Central region.

Content

• 1 Description of the Ovstuzhenka variety
• 2 Advantages and disadvantages

• 3 Landing rules

  3.1 How to plant cherries (video)

• 4 Tree care

  • 4.1 Pruning cherries
  • 4.2 Cherry pruning (video)
  • 4.3 Watering
  • 4.4 Fertilizers
  • 4.5 Bird protection
  • 4.6 Preparing the tree for winter

• 5 Diseases and pests of the variety

  • 5.1 Table of diseases and pests of sweet cherry
  • 5.2 Diseases and pests of the variety (photo gallery)
• 6 Harvest Oats
• 7 Reviews of gardeners

Description of the Ovstuzhenka variety

Sweet cherry Ovstuzhenka is widespread in Ryazan, Bryansk, Smolensk, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Tula, Kaluga and Moscow regions of Russia. The tree is medium-sized, 3–3.5 meters in height. The crown is spherical, slightly raised, of medium density. Shoots are straight, brown, not pubescent, medium in thickness. The leaves of the tree are large and ovoid: the base is round, and the top is strongly pointed. The foliage is deep green, with a double-serrated serration along the edges.

Ovstuzhenka tree compact, small, convenient for care and harvesting

Ovstuzhenka blooms at the end of April in inflorescences of three buds, and yields a harvest by the end of June, starting 5 years of the tree's life. Ripe fruits are round, dark red (almost black). Sweet cherries, large, 4 g each berry. One adult tree can harvest about 30 kg of fruit, so the tree is considered a high-yielding tree.

Ovstuzhenka berries ripen by the end of June

Advantages and disadvantages

Cherry variety Ovstuzhenka has many advantages and positive aspects, namely:

• high hardiness (cold to -32 ^of C);
• bulk harvest;
• stable fruiting;
• early ripening of fruits;
• excellent taste of berries;
• resistant to coccomycosis.

The main advantage of the variety is a tasty harvest.

Of the shortcomings of the variety, one can only name the self-infertility of Ovstuzhenka. The rest of the variety is very successful, excellent for both use in your household and for sale.

Landing rules

Since the Ovstuzhenka tree is self-fertile, before planting, you should think about a pollinator, which should grow no further than 10 meters. This variety can be Pink Pearl, Bryansk Pink Cherry, Tyutchevka, Iput, Revna or Raditsa. The flowering and fruiting times of these trees are the same, which allows them to effectively pollinate each other.

It is better to choose a place for cherries that is well lit and protected from the winds. The sunny side 1.5-2 meters from a low fence, which will protect the tree from drafts, is best suited. It is worth retreating 3 meters from the rest of the trees on the site, as well as at least 4 meters from buildings and high fences.

A medium loamy or sandy loamy soil of neutral acidity (pH 6.7–7) with a groundwater level in the area not exceeding 1.5 meters is best suited for cherries. If it is necessary to reduce the acidity of the soil, dig a seat for cherries with the addition of 700-800 g of lime on each square meter of the spade. Do this 7-10 days before preparing the planting pit so as not to mix lime with mineral fertilizers. If the water table is too high, before planting a tree, build a small hill with a height of 70–75 cm and a diameter of at least one meter, and drain the bottom of the planting pit with 5–7 cm of large pebbles.

Drainage of the planting pit is necessary when the groundwater table is high

Cherries should be planted in the spring when positive night temperatures reach 5–7 ^o C. Usually, this weather occurs in mid-April. If necessary, you can plant a tree in the fall, but no later than the end of September, so that cherries have 6-8 weeks to root before the onset of severe frosts. At the same time, it is better to prepare the planting hole in advance: in the fall for spring planting and vice versa. For this:

1. Mark a hole 80 cm in diameter.
2. Remove the top 20 cm of soil.
3. Dig a hole 60–70 cm deep.
4. Mix the top soil with 15–20 kg of humus (or compost), 300 g of superphosphate and 900 g of wood ash.
5. Put the resulting fertile mixture on the bottom of the pit with a mound.
6. Cover the pit with waterproof material.

The seedling must be purchased from trusted suppliers, and carefully inspected before buying so that the young tree is healthy. Two-year-old seedlings are best suited for planting. These are trees 150-170 cm in height, with at least 3-4 branches and a branched root system (it should consist of at least 3-4 shoots, not have rotten or dry branches). A healthy tree has smooth bark and flexible branches that bend rather than break with slight pressure. Before planting, the seedling must be placed for 20-24 hours in a 0.3% manganese solution on a third of the trunk. To do this, dilute 60 g of the chemical in 20 liters of water and immerse a tree with roots in the solution for disinfection. After that, the roots of the plant must be greased with clay-manure solution. To prepare it, take 1 kg of manure and 2 kg of powdered clay,which are diluted with water to the consistency of thick sour cream. The prepared mixture should be lubricated with the root system of the sweet cherry and left to dry for 2-3 hours. This will nourish the roots and protect them from drying out after planting.

A healthy two year old seedling has several branches.

The very planting of cherries is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. At a distance of 5–7 cm from the center of the pit, reinforce a support stake 150–170 cm high.
2. Place the seedling in the center of the earthen mound at the bottom of the hole so that the root collar of the plant is 5–7 cm above the final soil level. Planting too deep can lead to stem decay and damage to the entire seedling.
3. Spread the cherry roots over a mound and bury the seedling, ramming the earth in layers.
4. Along the edge of the planting hole, make a furrow 5–7 cm deep and water the plant with 20 liters of water.
5. Mulch the trunk circle with 10 cm sawdust or peat.
6. Tie the seedling to the support stake with a soft twine.

Correct planting guarantees fast rooting of the tree and its successful development.

How to plant cherries (video)

Tree care

Cherry Ovstuzhenka is an unpretentious tree to care for. The low crown allows you to minimize pruning and simplifies harvesting, and the variety's immunity to common diseases allows you to pay a minimum of attention to cherries during the season.

Cherry pruning

In the first 4 years of tree growth, it needs proper crown formation. First, it is worth bending skeletal branches growing at an acute angle. With the help of a trellis and a soft twine, the branches are bent and fixed in the desired position. It is worth making sure that the branch does not bend too much: this can lead to the formation of tops (barren branches growing horizontally upwards). Secondly, pruning is required to form a cherry crown. It is carried out regularly in the spring before bud break. In the second year of tree growth, the first two tiers of the crown are formed. The lower one should consist of 3-4 differently directed branches, the upper one - from 2-3. The distance between the tiers should be about 50 cm. All unnecessary (competing) branches from each tier are removed “on the ring” (cut off at the base), the tiers are shortened by 20-25% of the length. In the third year of growth, the tree forms the third tier of the crown from 1–2 skeletal branches 40–50 cm above the second tier. With competing branches and shoots on the trunk, they do the same as in the previous year, and the branches of the tiers are shortened by 15–20%. In the fourth year of life, the tree is pruned the main conductor to the level of the branches of the third tier. On this, the formation of the cherry crown can be considered complete.

Bending the branches helps the cherry to form the crown correctly

A mature tree needs regular thinning pruning. It consists in removing branches growing inside the crown and shading the tree. When shortening branches, pruning is done on the outer bud, that is, above the bud growing on the outside of the shoot. The tree needs rejuvenating pruning every 10-12 years. It is carried out when the annual growth is no more than 15 cm. At the same time, the skeletal branches are shortened for three-year wood. In addition, every autumn cherries undergo standard sanitary pruning. It is performed at the beginning of October and all dry, damaged and deformed branches are removed.

Rejuvenating the tree leads to increased yields

Pruning a tree is done with a sterile, sharp instrument. A smooth, serrated cut heals much faster, and a sterile instrument minimizes possible infection of the trunk. After pruning, the cuts of the tree are treated with garden varnish or 3-4 coats of oil paint in order to quickly heal the wounds. Regular pruning leads to the correct formation of the tree, increases the volume and quality of the crop, and is also a good preventive measure against some diseases and pests.

Cherry pruning (video)

Watering

A young tree in the first year after planting is watered every week with 10 liters of water. Further, from 2 to 4 years of life, cherries need watering every 2-3 weeks for 15-20 liters. A mature tree over 4 years old can be watered 4 times per season, 40-50 liters each: before flowering, after flowering, a week before harvest and in autumn. You can not be afraid to water Ovstuzhenka in the summer, since this variety is not susceptible to cracking of berries, but nevertheless, it is better to divide the portion of water equally into morning and evening meals. Autumn watering for a tree is water-charging and requires at least 60 liters of water for each square meter of the trunk circle. This procedure helps the roots of the tree to nourish and tolerate winter frosts more easily. It is carried out in October, 3-4 weeks before possible frosts.

Autumn moisture irrigation helps the tree overwinter

It is best to water cherries by sprinkling or in grooves in the projection of the crown with a depth of 7-9 cm. They are dug radially at a distance of 60, 100 and 140 cm from the tree trunk. Before adding water, clear the near-trunk circle from weeds, leaves and branches, and after watering (and after natural precipitation), the soil under the tree must be loosened by 10 cm. This will retain moisture in the ground, and will also become a good prevention of some pests. You can also mulch the trunk circle with a small layer of peat or sawdust (5-7 cm).

Fertilizers

Sweet cherries do not need abundant feeding. For an adult tree, you can limit yourself to the annual introduction of 20 g of superphosphate and 20 g of urea per square meter of area in the spring before flowering, as well as organic fertilizers every two years This can be 20-25 kg of compost or humus, 15 kg of ready-made manure or mother liquor chicken droppings. It is better to use two-headed manure so that it is rotten and does not burn the roots. To prepare chicken manure, take 3 kg of manure, pour it with 9 liters of water, infuse for 3-5 days and bring it under the tree, after diluting it with 20 liters of water.

Mineral fertilizers can be applied under the tree in a dry form

From 2 to 4 years of growth, trees are fertilized according to the same scheme, but a reduced dose. For mineral fertilizers, these are: 50–70 g of superphosphate, 50–70 g of carbamide. Organic matter is applied in an amount of 10-15 kg of humus or compost, 7-10 kg of manure or 1 kg of manure diluted in 3 liters, infused for 3-5 days and additionally diluted with 10 liters of water. It is not worth using fresh chicken manure or fertilizer in large doses, as this can burn the cherry roots.

Bird protection

Ovstuzhenka berries are very sweet and are loved not only by people, but also by birds. You can protect the crop from feathered pests by tying cellophane bags, foil, shiny film to tree branches, or by covering the plant with a special protective mesh. There are also sound electronic devices that scare birds with sounds and light flashes.

The mesh protects the tree from feathered pests

Preparing the tree for winter

Preparing the tree for the winter season allows it not only to safely endure frosts, but also not to suffer from pests and rodents. For proper preparation you need:

1. Clear the ground under the tree from foliage, branches, fruits, weeds.
2. Dig up the soil of the trunk circle to destroy pests that winter in the ground (for example, cherry sawfly or hawthorn).

3. Cover the stem and one third of the skeletal branches of the lower tier with a solution of lime.

   

   Whitewashing protects the plant from pests, diseases, rodents

   For its preparation, take 1 kg of lime, 2 kg of powdered clay, 300 g of copper sulfate and 5-7 liters of water. For young plants, the concentration should be halved so as not to burn the tree. This mixture will protect cherries from pests, rodents and frost, and also prevent sunburn in the spring.

4. Mulch the tree with 20–25 cm of sawdust or peat.
5. Insulate the trunk with spruce branches or burlap.

When the snow falls, rake it with a large snowdrift to the trunk - this will additionally warm the roots and also saturate the tree with moisture in the spring.

Diseases and pests of the variety

Sweet cherry Ovstuzhenka is moderately resistant to coccomycosis. With proper tree care, diseases and pests can be completely avoided. As a preventive measure, it is recommended:

• plant trees on the site no closer than 3 meters from each other in order to avoid the spread of diseases and pests;
• regularly loosen the soil under the cherries (every 10-14 days);
• to clear the near-trunk circle from leaves, branches and weeds;
• whitewash the trunk before wintering;
• cut the cherries in a timely manner, avoiding thickening of the crown;
• process slices after trimming.

Table of diseases and pests of sweet cherry

Disease or pest	Diagnosing the problem	Treatment
Brown spot (phyllostictosis)	Rounded brown spots appear on the foliage, gradually darkening and turning into a hole.	The buds are sprayed with 1% Bordeaux liquid before the leaves bloom and again after 2 weeks. In the fall, after leaf fall, the tree is treated with the same 3% solution.
Scab	Brown spots appear on the leaves, which gradually dry out. The fruits slow down in development, dry up and fall off prematurely.	The tree is treated during the formation of buds, after flowering and after harvesting with 1% Bordeaux liquid or copper chloride of the same concentration.
Mosaic disease	Yellow stripes appear on the leaves, after which the foliage curls, dries and dies off.	The disease cannot be treated: the damaged tree must be removed from the site and burned.
Gum therapy (gommosis)	Yellow discharge of gum appears on the trunk.	The gum is removed, the affected area is cleaned with a metal brush, treated with 1% copper sulfate, and then garden varnish or oil paint in 3-4 layers.
Cherry aphid	Cherry leaves turn black and dry out.	Spraying when a pest appears with Spark or Intra-vir.
Cherry fly	The pulp of the fruit becomes soft, disintegrates.	The tree is sprayed with Metaphos before flowering (10 liters pack) or Urea (5%). After flowering, they are treated with Karbofos (60 g per 8 liters of water) twice with an interval of 10-14 days.
False tinder	The wood becomes soft, the tree breaks easily, and round brown or yellow growths appear on the shoots and branches.	The tree cannot be treated: it must be removed from the site and burned.
Sulfur yellow tinder fungus	Cracks form in the wood, the wood dries and disintegrates.

Diseases and pests of the variety (photo gallery)

Sulfur-yellow tinder fungus - an incurable fungal disease

False tinder fungus is a fungal disease of the trunk

Brown spot appears on cherry leaves

Cherry fly affects cherry fruits

Aphids live in colonies on the back of leaves

When gum removal, it is important to carefully handle the trunk in order to prevent infection

Examine seedlings carefully before purchasing to rule out mosaic disease

Scab spreads over cherry leaves in dark spots

Harvest Ovstuzhenka

Ovstuzhenka fruits begin to be harvested at the end of June. Ripe berries take on a dark color. The pulp and juice of the fruit are dark burgundy, saturated. Tasters rate the taste of Ovstuzhenka at 4.7-4.9 points on a five-point scale: sweet cherries, juicy, dense, aromatic. The variety is considered dessert and versatile. Well suited both for fresh consumption and for processing. Delicious compotes, preserves, and jams are made from cherries.

Ripe cherries take on a dark burgundy color

It is better to pick berries on a sunny day to keep them dry. To increase the shelf life, the cherries are cut off along with the cuttings. In this form, the fruits will be stored in the refrigerator for up to 2 weeks. If you wish kiseleva_ae: 2017-19-04, 11:22 am

Yes, you can - https://love-mother.ru/kak-zamorozit-chereshnyu-na-zimu-mozhno-li-pravilnaya-zamorozka.html - and many other articles

"> berries can be frozen: they will not lose their taste and can be stored for up to 6 months.

Gardeners reviews

Here's what gardeners and summer residents themselves say about this variety:

We can conclude that the Ovstuzhenka variety is an excellent cherry for central Russia, which will give a bountiful and tasty harvest, and also will not require too careful personal care.