Black Currant Selechenskaya And Selechenskaya 2: Description Of Varieties, Advantages And Disadvantages, Planting And Care Features + Photos And Reviews

2024 Author: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 22:26

Black currants Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2: we grow varieties that are loved by gardeners

Among the many varieties of black currant, Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2 are especially popular in our country. These early-maturing varieties yield generous yields of large, tasty berries every year. This article will focus on the features of these varieties and the basic rules for caring for currants.

Content

• 1 Description of black currant Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2

  • 1.1 Description of the variety Selechenskaya

  • 1.2 Description of the variety Selechenskaya-2

    1.2.1 Video: Selechenskaya-2 currant at the time of harvest ripening

  • 1.3 Distinctive features of Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2 currants - table
• 2 Advantages and disadvantages of varieties

• 3 Landing features

  • 3.1 When to plant
  • 3.2 How to prepare the site
  • 3.3 How to choose seedlings

  • 3.4 Step-by-step process of planting black currant

    3.4.1 Video: planting black currant

• 4 Currant care

  • 4.1 Cropping

    4.1.1 Video: Determining the Age of Branches

  • 4.2 Watering
  • 4.3 Fertilization
  • 4.4 Shelter for the winter

• 5 Diseases and pests

  • 5.1 Table: diseases and pests of currants and methods of dealing with them
  • 5.2 Photo gallery of diseases and pests of black currant
• 6 Harvesting
• 7 Reviews of gardeners

Description of black currant Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2

The Selechenskaya black currant was obtained at the All-Russian Research Institute of Lupine by Doctor of Agricultural Sciences A. I. Astakhov and added to the State Register of Varieties in 1993. The variety turned out to be rather highly promising, but fastidious to regular care. And already in 2000 A. I. Astakhov, in collaboration with L. I. Zueva improved the variety, giving it the name Selechenskaya-2, which was included in the State Register in 2004.

Description of the Selechenskaya variety

Selechenskaya black currant bush of medium size, dense

The shrub is capable of growing up to 1.5 meters in height, compact. Shoots are straight, gray-beige, pubescent. The lamina is medium in size, five-lobed, matte green.

Racemes small, straight or slightly sinuous, without pubescence. They have 8-12 flowers each. The flowers are faded, of medium size. Purple sepals.

Rounded berries, large, glossy black color. The rind is not too firm. The stalk is green, not very thick. The harvest ripens amicably. The separation of berries is dry. Very sweet, with a characteristic aroma. Each berry weighs about 3–5.5 g.

The yield of the variety reaches 99c / ha.

Berries of the Selechenskaya variety are sweet, with a pronounced aroma

Description of the variety Selechenskaya-2

Selechenskaya-2 bush during berry ripening

Semi-spreading shrub, grows up to 2 meters in height. The shoots are colored chestnut with a grayish tint. The leaf plate is of medium size, three-lobed, bright green in color, slightly wrinkled, dense. The lobes of the leaf are pointed-elongated, with hefty notches along the edge.

Racemes rather long, curved, without pubescence. They contain 9-14 flowers. The flowers are of average size, reddish purple in color.

Fruits are round, large, colored black. The rind is dense, glossy. The peduncle is not very thick, colored green. The crop ripens early enough. The berries can hang on the branches for quite a long time without crumbling. The separation of berries is dry. The berries are quite sweet, moderately aromatic. Each berry weighs 4–6 grams.

The yield of the variety is significant. Each bush can produce 2–4 kg of berries.

The berries of the Selechenskaya 2 variety are slightly larger than the fruits of the Selechenskaya

Video: Selechenskaya-2 currant at the time of harvest ripening

These varieties are quite similar, however, they have characteristic differences. Let's consider them in the table below.

Distinctive features of Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2 currants - table

Compared parameters	Selechenskaya	Selechenskaya-2
Plant height (m)	1.5	1.9
Berry weight (g)	3-5.5	4-6
Bush yield (kg)	5	2-4
Tasting assessment	4.9	5
Heat resistance	High	High
Frost resistance	High	Medium, damage to 50% of the ovary is likely due to recurrent frosts.
Whimsical care	High	Average
Disease and pest resistance	Resistant to powdery mildew. It is affected by a kidney mite.	Resistant to powdery mildew. Not susceptible to kidney mite attacks, but affected by aphids.

Advantages and disadvantages of varieties

Like all plants, the Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2 black currants have a certain set of positive and negative qualities.

Advantages	disadvantages
Quite an impressive size of berries.	In the absence of proper care, fruit shrinkage is observed.
Ripe berries do not fall off for a long time.	The moisture content of the soil should be controlled.
High frost resistance.	Average resistance of both varieties to anthracnose. The Selechenskaya variety is especially susceptible to kidney tick damage.
Rich annual yield.	The Selechenskaya variety is especially capricious to the content of nutrients in the soil.

Landing features

Planting Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2 black currants is no different from planting other early-ripening currant varieties. There are some specifics to watch out for though.

When to plant

It is advisable to plant currants either in late autumn or early spring, until the buds begin to open.

How to prepare a place

For growing black currants, it is preferable to choose a place with light fertile soil and neutral PH. The ideal option would be to plant currants on the south side of the site, protected from drafts and excessively scorching sun.

It is advisable to place bushes near fences that will shade them from direct sunlight. It is advisable to choose an even place for seedlings: the presence of pits and bumps can significantly reduce productivity.

As already mentioned, the Selechenskaya variety is picky about the nutrient content of the soil. Therefore, before planting seedlings, nutrients should be added to the depleted soil. Approximately 3 months before planting, 9 kg of humus or compost, 200 g of superphosphate and 35 g of potassium sulfate should be scattered on 1 m ^{2 of} soil. It is also allowed to add 500 g of wood ash. On acidic soil, add 1 kg of limestone or dolomite flour. The soil should be dug to the depth of the shovel bayonet, at the same time removing perennial weeds.

How to choose seedlings

For planting, you should choose seedlings that are 1 or 2 years old.

When choosing seedlings, you should give preference to plants no older than 1-2 years of age. Plants should be branched, have sufficiently developed buds and root systems. The presence of dried roots and twigs, as well as various mechanical defects, must not be allowed. The plant must have at least three skeletal roots, each of which must be more than 20 cm long.

Step-by-step process of planting black currant

On the eve of planting currants, you need to prepare a mixture to fill the planting pits: mix garden soil with a bucket of humus (or compost), add 120 g of superphosphate, 25 g of potassium nitrate and 250 g of wood ash.

Black currants Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2 are planted according to the standard scheme

1. Pits 45 x 45 x 45 cm are dug in the prepared area. The dimensions of the holes are set by the root system: the roots must be freely placed in the recess without touching the walls.
2. Next, you should pour the nutrient mixture into the hole and spill it well with water.
3. The currants are preferably placed at an angle of 45 degrees. The root collar should be slightly recessed. Weak plants should be planted in twos, tilted in opposite directions.
4. Having carefully straightened the roots, you need to fill up the earth, excluding the formation of voids.
5. Around the plant, you need to organize a hole with a diameter of 40 cm, which should be well shed with water and mulched.
6. The seedling needs to be cut, leaving 3-5 formed buds.

Currant does not like close proximity

When planting several currant bushes, you need to adhere to the following intervals:

• between bushes - 1 m;
• between rows - 2.5 m;
• planting in trenches - 0.7 m.

Video: planting black currant

Currant care

In order for the black currant varieties Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2 to annually please with rich harvests of excellent berries, it needs certain systematic care. Particular attention should be paid to young bushes. For good formation of bushes, it is necessary to feed the seedlings on time and keep the moisture of the soil under control.

Pruning

Black currant bushes bear fruit abundantly for a long time and regularly only if the obsolete branches are replaced by young, more fruitful ones

Correct formation of a currant bush in the first 3 years becomes a determining factor in its yield. In order to harvest a full-fledged crop of currants of the varieties Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2 annually, you need to regularly prune the shoots:

• During planting, the seedling is pruned, keeping 3-5 buds;
• A year later, it is necessary to cut out all the shoots from the bush, leaving 4–6 of the healthiest ones, which must be pinched in the summer for two or three buds;
• For the next couple of years, the procedure must be repeated, keeping 4–6 young shoots annually, while pinching the old ones;
• In the future, only sanitary and rejuvenating pruning should be performed, the rules of which are described above;
• When pruning adult plants, it is necessary to remove six-year-old shoots, diseased ones lying on the ground and damaged branches.

Video: determining the age of branches

Watering

When watering, water is poured into grooves 10-15 cm deep, which are dug around the bush at a distance of 20-30 cm from the end of the branches

Black currants Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2 are extremely fond of watering. The lack of watering leads to a shallower crop and a lag in development. Young seedlings will grow and develop better if they are watered a couple of times a week, 1-2 buckets per plant, taking into account weather conditions and the age of the bush.

Intensive watering is required in the following cases:

1. During the period of fruit ripening. If the stage of berry pouring began during a drought, it is required to additionally moisten the soil.
2. After the final harvest.
3. In October, you need to carry out subwinter watering.

The next day after watering the currants, it would be nice to loosen the ground and weed perennial weeds. Since the roots of currants are located superficially, loosening should be carried out no deeper than 5-7 cm.

Fertilization

An excellent harvest of high-quality currant currants cannot be obtained without proper nutrition of the plant. Again, the Selechenskaya black currant is much more picky about the presence of dressings.

The first couple of years after planting, feeding currants in spring and autumn is quite acceptable with organic fertilizers alone: mullein (1: 4) or bird droppings (1:10). The calculation is one bucket per plant.

After three years, the currants begin to actively bear fruit, as a result of which mineral supplements should be added to organic dressings:

• In the spring, scatter 30 g of carbamide under each plant, dig up the ground a little and mulch with humus or compost.
• In the fall, under each plant, put 4 kg of manure or compost, 15–20 g of potassium sulfate and 30 g of superphosphate. Or replace with wood ash (200–400 g).

In addition, it is advisable to feed the plants with an aqueous solution of manure (1: 4) or bird droppings (1:10). For each shrub, 10 liters of solution are applied. You should feed the currants in this way:

1. In early spring, until the buds have blossomed;
2. At the end of flowering;
3. At the stage of harvest ripening;
4. At the end of the harvest.

Shelter for the winter

The black currant of the Selechenskaya variety withstands wintering and spring frosts well, without the need for shelter. But the inflorescences of the Selechenskaya-2 variety react hard to return frosts, as a result of which there is a possibility of losing a decent part of the crop.

If there is a danger of late spring frosts, the following series of measures should be observed:

• Shelter plants with white non-woven fabric.
• Moistening the soil under the plant and spraying directly on the currant bush.
• Smoke protection by making fires from low-burning materials (damp branches, straw, rags, etc.)

Diseases and pests

If left untimely, the Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2 currants may be affected by various diseases and pests. Although these varieties are quite resistant to kidney mites and powdery mildew. Subject to the basic principles of care, and spraying shrubs with special means, currants will delight with good development and yield.

Table: diseases and pests of currants and methods of dealing with them

Disease / pest	Signs of defeat	Preventive measures	Control methods
Anthracnose	Fungal disease. The bark loses its elasticity and cracks. Small tubercles appear in the cracks. The branches dry up	Periodic planting thinning; digging the soil under the bush; collection of fallen leaves	Spraying the bush with copper sulfate (for 1 liter of water 4 g of sulfate). The consumption rate for an adult bush is 2 liters. Using the drugs Cuprozan or Phtolan according to the instructions
Yellow veined mosaic	A viral disease that manifests itself in a yellow pattern at the veins of leaves	Using healthy planting material	Spraying the bush with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid after flowering. With a large damage to the bush, its uprooting and burning
Terry (reversion)	Viral disease. The leaves become smaller and become purple, the berries are not tied	Regular application of phosphorus and potash fertilizers, as well as foliar dressing with trace elements	Affected bushes are uprooted and burned
Drying of shoots (tuberculariosis)	The bark peels off, the shoots die off entirely from the top	Pruning damaged shoots	Spraying the bush with a 1% solution of Bordeaux liquid in early spring, after flowering and in autumn
Leaf gall aphid	A small insect about 2 mm long pierces the leaves from the underside and feeds on their sap. The leaves acquire characteristic swelling, curl and wither. Shoots with affected leaves dry out	Planting next to currants onions, dill, garlic, parsley, mint, marigolds. Spraying foliage with infusions of tobacco, wood ash, onion husks, soda ash, liquid soap. Destruction and burning of damaged shoots and leaves	Treatment with Karbofos according to the instructions for the preparation before bud break and immediately after the appearance of leaves
Spider mite	The usual time for the appearance of a pest up to 0.5 mm in size is May. Leaves turn reddish, from the bottom surface in a cobweb	Burning leaf litter, loosening soil and removing weeds	Treatment with insecticides such as Vofatox before bud break according to the instructions for the preparation. Applying a colloidal sulfur solution a few days before flowering
Kidney mite	The presence of a mite in the buds of a plant manifests itself in their abnormal large size. The leaves of their buds will be small and pale. Productivity is declining	Removal and burning of diseased kidneys, and with intense tick damage, and whole branches. Planting next to currants, garlic and onions. Using healthy seedlings when planting	Spraying during the flowering period with an infusion of mashed garlic (150 g per 10 l of water)
Currant glass	The glass-moth larvae develop under the bark, and their caterpillars penetrate the middle of the branches and find food there. The branches dry and die	Regular loosening of the soil. To destroy caterpillars and pupae of the glass in May and June, sprinkle the ground under the bushes with a mixture of ash, tobacco (200 g each), ground pepper and mustard (1 tablespoon each). The consumption rate of the mixture is 2-3 tbsp. spoons on the bush. Cutting and burning diseased branches. Timely cutting of branches over 5 years old	Treatment with Fitoverm or Iskra preparations according to the instructions for them
Blackcurrant berry sawfly	The larvae of the pest penetrate the berries and feed on the seeds. Berries shriveled	Collection and destruction of diseased berries. Burning leaf litter, loosening soil and removing weeds	Treatment with Ambush or Etaphos according to the instructions for them after flowering

Photogallery of diseases and pests of black currant

The difference between a healthy kidney and a mite-infected kidney is clearly visible.

Leaves in aphids have characteristic bulges

Caterpillar and butterfly of currant glass

The sawfly larva feeds on currant seeds

Spider mite work

Anthracnose develops especially in rainy weather.

With a severe defeat by doubleness, flower brushes turn into thin branches with scales instead of flowers

Drying of shoots is one of the specific diseases

Yellow veined mosaic is a viral disease, upon detection of which the affected plants should be uprooted and burned

Harvesting

The varieties Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya 2 are distinguished by annual bountiful harvests

A distinctive feature of the black currant varieties Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2 is the ripening of the berries in July. Currant yield is usually around 1.5–2 kg per plant. The maximum possible reaches 5 kg for the Selechenskaya variety and 3 kg for the Selechenskaya-2 variety. At the same time, the berries at Selechenskaya-2 are an order of magnitude larger.

In order for the berries to stay fresh longer, harvest should be done on a sunny day. The berries are easily torn off the brush without damaging the surface. As a result, the harvested crop tolerates transportation well.

The harvested crop can be easily stored at temperatures from +2 to +4 ° C for 10-14 days. To preserve the berry for a longer time, it is preferable to send it to the freezer for freezing, or dry it in the shade or in a dryer.

Currants of these varieties are perfect for preparations: jams, confitures, compotes and more. It is widely used for cooking baked goods and other cooked dishes. Dried berries and leaves are an excellent addition to herbs, tea and when cooking compotes. Also, for longer storage in the refrigerator, freshly picked berries can be grated with sugar. Currant leaves are good for adding to pickling and pickling.

Jam is the most common blackcurrant preparation

Gardeners reviews

Thanks to the unpretentiousness of the Selechenskaya and Selechenskaya-2 currant varieties, they are successfully grown not only by experienced gardeners, but also by novice summer residents of our vast homeland. With proper care, these blackcurrant varieties will delight their owners with impressive annual yields of the most delicious and healthy berries.