Insulation Of The Roof From The Inside With Mineral Wool: Description And Characteristics Of The Material, The Main Stages Of Installation

2024 Author: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 12:53

How to choose the right mineral wool and insulate the roof with your own hands

Different materials are used for roof insulation, but one of the most affordable and effective options is mineral wool. Such a heat insulator is presented in different versions, and before installation it is important to know the features and rules of using the insulation.

Content

• 1 What is mineral wool and its characteristics

  • 1.1 Video: comparison of stone and mineral wool
  • 1.2 How to choose mineral wool for the roof: brands and manufacturers

• 2 How to insulate the roof with mineral wool

  • 2.1 Video: roof insulation with mineral wool
  • 2.2 Determination of layer thickness
• 3 Material life

What is mineral wool and its characteristics

Mineral wool is presented in several forms, which are defined by GOST 52953-2008. Thus, glass wool, slag material, stone wool belong to the category of mineral wool. All of them have a fibrous, airy structure, differing in density and performance. Materials can be presented in the form of plates, rolls, cloths of various thicknesses.

Minvata is easy to install regardless of the type

It is stone wool that is used to insulate a residential building and any part of it, since it has optimal characteristics to obtain a good thermal insulation layer. The fibers of this material are more durable than glass wool, do not scatter around the room and do not enter the human respiratory system. The villi are thornless and highly elastic, which makes it possible to lay slabs or rock wool rolls even in the most difficult places.

Stone wool emits fewer small particles, so working with it is more convenient and safer

Stone wool can contain blast-furnace slags, clay, limestone. Such components attract rodents, reduce resistance to fire and heat, which should be taken into account during installation. The basalt variety of this material does not contain binders or mineral components and therefore is more practical to use. Basalt structure is safe for human health, more resistant to fire and temperature extremes.

Basic characteristics of basalt mineral wool:

• heat resistance up to 1000 ° C;
• possibility of cooling down to -190 ° C;
• elasticity of fibers;
• resistance to moisture, ultraviolet;
• the possibility of any finishing;
• service life of 40-50 years and more.

Video: comparison of stone and mineral wool

How to choose mineral wool for the roof: brands and manufacturers

Depending on the density, mineral wool is divided into several modifications that are used to insulate certain parts of buildings. Therefore, when choosing, one should take into account not only the general characteristics of mineral wool, but also the properties of each brand, expressed in the following:

• P-75 grade material has a density of 75 kg / m ³ and is suitable for thermal insulation of roofs with gentle slopes, as well as other horizontal surfaces that are not subject to heavy loads. A structure with such a density is optimal for insulating pipes of heating plants and gas pipelines;
• grade P-125 is characterized by a density of 125 kg / m ³ and is used for thermal insulation of the ceiling and floor, walls and partitions, roofs with steep slopes. This mineral wool has an average degree of sound insulation;
• modification PZh-175 - a rigid high-density material used for insulating reinforced concrete floors and walls made of profiled metal sheets;
• grade PPZh-200 - mineral wool of increased density and rigidity. Suitable for thermal insulation of metal floors and reinforced concrete structures, can be used as additional protection against fire.

Denser mineral wool has poorer thermal insulation properties

Several well-known manufacturers represent high-quality mineral wool. One of the main ones is the ISOVER brand, which produces both heat insulators and other materials for the roof. Also in demand are the goods of such companies as:

• URSA, providing a wide range of modern roof structures for various types of roofs;
• PAROC is a Finnish brand specializing in mineral wool insulation;
• Technonikol is a Russian company that offers not only heat insulators, but also materials for waterproofing and vapor barrier roofs;

• Rockwool, which produces the most fireproof products among all manufacturers of insulation materials.

  

  All manufacturers produce mineral wool in rolls, as well as plates or mats

For roof insulation, it is necessary to choose mineral wool with an appropriate level of density. For this purpose, the P-75 and P-125 brands are optimally suited. Before purchasing, you should make sure that the material does not have defects, expressed in the form of deformation of plates or mats, as well as voids inside the canvas. The fibrous structure should be as homogeneous, elastic and strong as possible.

How to insulate the roof with mineral wool

Arranging a roof requires the creation of a roofing cake, consisting of several layers of materials that perform specific functions. If we consider the sequence of layers from the bottom up, then first the inner lining of the ceiling of the room follows, and then the lower lathing and the vapor barrier film are located. Insulation is placed between the rafter legs, followed by waterproofing material, lathing and external roofing. This structure is suitable for mansard roofs and insulated attic spaces.

For insulated roofs, it is very important to observe the technology of laying the roofing cake with the obligatory arrangement of ventilation gaps

Following the scheme, the following main stages of roof insulation with mineral wool can be distinguished:

1. Warming is carried out after the installation of waterproofing and roofing. The distance between the rafters is measured and the slabs are cut into layers, the size of which is 2-3 cm larger than the opening between the rafters.
2. Pieces of mineral wool are tightly placed in each opening, while fasteners are not used, since the plates must fit tightly.
3. On top of the laid insulation, a vapor barrier film is fixed to the rafter legs, and then the inner surface of the roof is sheathed with plasterboard, clapboard or other finishing material.

Video: roof insulation with mineral wool

Determination of layer thickness

When arranging a warm roof, special attention is paid to the thickness of the mineral wool layer. This parameter depends on the region and climatic features, the dimensions of the rafter legs, the height of the roof. For the calculation, you can use online programs, but you can determine the approximate layer thickness yourself.

The thickness of the insulation layer of the roof is selected depending on the climatic conditions at the place of construction work

Averages can serve as a starting point. For example, for central Russia, it is enough to create a layer of insulation with a thickness of 100 to 150 mm. Thus, the thickness of the slabs should be sufficient for arranging such a layer, and the height of the rafter legs should be another 5 cm larger to create a ventilated layer. So, if the height of the rafter supports is 150 mm, and the mineral wool slabs are 180 mm thick, then to increase the size of the rafters, additional bars must be filled on them to create a total height of the rafter legs of 220 mm.

Material life

All building materials used to equip a building must be not only safe, but also durable. If the material retains its properties throughout the entire service life, subject to correct installation, then the house will be as comfortable as possible.

The service life of thermal insulation directly depends on correct installation

Therefore, for roof insulation, mineral wool from well-known manufacturers is used, which produce material with a service life of more than 50 years. Correct installation of all protective layers, as well as timely replacement of deformed elements, has a significant impact on the quality of the heat-insulating layer.

Basalt or stone wool is convenient and practical for insulating the roof of a residential building. The high characteristics of these materials are complemented by correct installation, and the result is the most effective thermal insulation layer that protects the building from heat loss.