Installation Of The Roof, Including With Your Own Hands, As Well As Mistakes Made During Work

2024 Author: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 22:26

What you need to know when installing the roof yourself

Roofing in a country house is a crucial moment. Mistakes here are fraught with significant material and financial losses, and living in a house with a bad roof is truly painful. But troubles of this kind can be avoided by taking responsibility for design and execution. This can be helped by the ability to install the roof yourself, not trusting hired specialists.

Content

• 1 How to mount a roof with your own hands

  1.1 Photo gallery: roofs made of various materials

• 2 Is it possible to install a roof with your own hands

  2.1 Video: gable roof - how to make it easy and simple

• 3 Stages of roof installation

  • 3.1 Installing the Mauerlat

  • 3.2 Installation of the rafter system

    3.2.1 Video: Assembling the rafters on the ground

  • 3.3 Roof cake device

    • 3.3.1 Vapor barrier
    • 3.3.2 Insulation
    • 3.3.3 Waterproofing
    • 3.3.4 Top coat for roofing
    • 3.3.5 Photo gallery: varieties of metal roofing materials

• 4 Features of installation of various types and nodes of the roof

  • 4.1 Installation of flexible roofing

    4.1.1 Video: installation of shingles

  • 4.2 Installation of a rigid roof

    4.2.1 Video: DIY installation of a metal profile

  • 4.3 Installation of a cold roof
  • 4.4 Installing roofing accessories

  • 4.5 Installation of roof gutters

    4.5.1 Video: installing gutters

• 5 Typical mistakes when installing the roof
• 6 Care instructions

How to mount a roof with your own hands

The device of a reliable roofing system in a country house is the final chord of the cycle of measures for its construction. Further, only finishing work remains to achieve the realization of your dreams.

When starting to build a roof on a house, you need to clearly understand its purpose.

1. Reliable shelter of the building from the vicissitudes of the weather, which does not allow leaks.
2. Thermal protection of the interior, even at the lowest outdoor temperature for this area.
3. Harmonious design of the shape and color scheme of the finishing coating, which matches the exterior of the building frame and the landscape of the site and gives them additional charm.

Photo gallery: roofs made of various materials

The classic four-pitched metal roof can last up to 50 years

A properly constructed multi-slope roof will be reliable and durable, despite the large number of joints and abutments

Copper roofing materials are an indicator of the owner's taste and wealth and have served for over 100 years.

Natural shingles require reinforced lathing, but they serve for a very long time and look spectacular and attractive

Roofs of any complexity can be covered with soft tiles

Is it possible to install a roof with your own hands

In order to objectively understand and correctly assess your capabilities, you need to use various sources to learn how to perform the following operations.

1. Display the roof structure of the house at the level of at least a draft design.
2. Calculate the need for materials for the truss system, roofing cake and topcoat.
3. Determine the installation scheme for the Mauerlat in order to distribute the loads from the roof to the walls as much as possible and securely fix the rafter system.
4. Choose the optimal angle of inclination of the slopes.
5. Calculate the pitch of the rafters.
6. Assess the need to install additional metal roof frame fasteners.
7. Study the purpose of the battens and counter-battens and the rules for their installation.
8. To clearly represent the sequence of installation of the layers of the insulated roofing cake.
9. Understand the principles of the choice and location of the topcoat, as well as the methods of its attachment.
10. Know the nomenclature and purpose of additional roof elements and the order of their installation.

As you can see, this far from complete list presupposes a rather serious preliminary preparation on theoretical issues. Next, you need to attend to the tool for the production of work. His set does not include anything special - these are, as a rule, ordinary manual and electrical devices that are available on the farm of almost any owner of a country house.

But most importantly, it is necessary to assess the level of one's own proficiency in the skills of performing carpentry and roofing work. We note right away that purely theoretical knowledge is clearly insufficient here. It is advisable to take part in such events several times in order to see the working methods and methods of performing individual operations, as well as their sequence.

Video: gable roof - how to make it easy and simple

Roof installation stages

Installation of the rafter system begins with attaching a support device called a mauerlat.

Installing Mauerlat

In private suburban construction, the Mauerlat is a coniferous timber with a section of 150x100 or 150x150 mm. It serves two important functions.

1. Uniform distribution of the load from the upper structure of the building on its walls.
2. Formation of the base for fastening the elements of the rafter system.

Thus, the Mauerlat is a connecting link between the frame of the house and its roofing system. It fits onto load-bearing walls and is attached in various ways:

• binding with wire ties, pre-laid in the walls during their laying;

  

  The wire can be embedded in the wall when laying it or inserted into holes specially drilled later

• fastening with pins to the armored belt, if such is provided for by the structure of the house;

  

  Studs are inserted and tied to the reinforcement cage prior to pouring the concrete

• installation of a Mauerlat with fixing to the wall with brackets using wood tabs laid during masonry.

  

  If wooden inserts are laid in a brick wall during masonry, a Mauerlat can be attached to them using metal brackets

These are the main ways of attaching the support base to the walls of the house.

Installation of the rafter system

Various materials are used for the manufacture of the roof frame:

• coniferous timber with transverse dimensions of 150x50 mm. For a small house, even a material with a section of 100x50 mm will be enough;
• glued wooden profiles in the form of an I-beam or beam;
• metal profiles such as rectangular pipes or beams up to 150 mm in cross section;
• plastic profiles of various sections.

The choice of material depends on its price and availability on the market. It should be noted that wood and metal need additional anti-corrosion (for metal) or antiseptic and fire-prevention (for wood) surface treatment.

The rafter system is mounted in several ways.

1. Assembly directly on site. The material is supplied to the roof and already there, guided by the place, the parts are produced and installed. This installation procedure allows you to continuously monitor the quality of the assembly and make the necessary adjustments in a timely manner.

   

   One of the ways to install the truss system is to assemble it on site.

2. Assembly at the bottom on a specially installed slipway. The first pair is assembled according to the drawing with careful observance of all dimensions. Subsequent rafter legs are made using the first product as a template. At the end of the work, the set of rafter legs is delivered to the installation site and installed there. The structure of the trusses assembled at the bottom usually includes two rafters and an upper tightening. This configuration ensures dimensional stability and the weight of the product available for manual lifting.

   

   If the trusses are small, they can be completely assembled on the ground.

3. Installation of a truss system from ready-made trusses. They are ordered from specialized enterprises according to their own drawings. Delivery and (at the request of the customer) installation is carried out by the contractor's personnel. To assemble the rafter system in this way, as a rule, lifting equipment is used, but the quality is guaranteed.

   

   If roof trusses are ordered in production, they will be made with perfect precision and quality.

Video: assembling rafters on the ground

youtube.com/watch?v=Qs8dMbwAIa8

Roofing cake device

The roofing cake is formed during the process of roof insulation. The question is natural - why is it necessary? It has been established that up to 25–30% of the heat received from the heating system in the house leaves through an uninsulated roof. A simple calculation shows that the cost of insulating the topside will pay off quickly. In addition, an uninsulated roof makes a lot of noise during precipitation, especially if it is made of metal profiles. In addition to the insulation function, the roofing cake also successfully copes with noise absorption.

A roof insulation device is formed from several layers, each of which has a specific function.

The roofing cake of an insulated roof consists of several layers, laid in a strictly defined order

Vapor barrier

The purpose of the vapor barrier is to prevent moisture from the air coming from the living quarters into the under-roof space. The fact is that one of the layers of the roofing cake is insulation, which is a fibrous material. In the capillaries of the insulation array, moisture can accumulate, which leads to its clumping and the loss of its main functional properties.

Diffusion films are used to prevent this process. They have microscopic holes that can pass moisture in only one direction. Therefore, with the correct positioning relative to the insulation, the film protects it from external moisture, while simultaneously releasing water molecules from the inside and thus drying it out.

The roofing pie begins to form with the installation of a vapor barrier

An effective way of using vapor barrier films for pitched roofs is to place them directly on top of the insulation. Such a device allows you to use the entire length of the rafters for insulation. But for this you need to tightly connect the individual canvases, for which adhesive tape is used.

The most popular are three-layer films "Yutafol D Standard", "Yutafol D Silver" and "Yutafol D Special" made of polypropylene. For ease of installation, a colored strip is applied along the edges of the film, indicating the amount of overlap during installation. For slopes with a slope of less than 20 ^o, its value should be 20 cm, for steeper roofs - 10 cm. The flooring is made along the roof, starting from the lower rows.

The form of production of vapor barrier films is rolls up to 1.5 m wide and 10 m long.

Insulation

When a person hears the word "roof", he creates an association with warmth and comfort in the room. This is possible only if the correct insulation material is selected. The purpose of this layer is not to heat the roof, but to keep the heat generated in the house, so the key to success is its correct choice, which largely depends on the roof structure. Otherwise, the general requirements for all types of this material are practically the same.

1. Lifetime. The insulation must retain its basic properties for a long time.
2. Density. The material should be light enough not to overload the roofing system and ultimately the supporting base of the entire building.
3. Form stability. During the entire service life, the insulation must retain its original shape, without creating gaps between itself and the structural elements.
4. Fire resistance. When choosing a material for roof insulation, you need to pay attention to its flammability. For the roof, you will need a non-combustible or self-extinguishing heat insulator.
5. Frost resistance. The insulating layer must retain its properties under conditions of significant temperature changes. For the conditions of Russia, this factor is very important, especially in the northern regions and in the middle lane.
6. Maximum permissible humidity. Many types of heaters, especially rolled ones, are capable of increasing thermal conductivity at high humidity. Such material is not very suitable for roof insulation.
7. Soundproofing. Many finishes, especially those made of metal, become a source of loud noise during rain or hail, which creates an unfavorable environment for living in the off-season. Roof insulation must absorb extraneous sounds.

8. Ecological cleanliness. The material for roof insulation should not emit substances harmful to humans into the surrounding space.

   

   One of the most popular types of insulation is basalt fiber mineral wool, which is produced in rolls or mats.

The decisive factor is the thickness of the insulation. The rules for its determination are given in SNiP 2003-23-02 "Thermal protection of buildings". In accordance with this document, it is possible to obtain the value of the thermal resistance of a structure, determined by regional coefficients depending on climatic conditions. Using the data on the thermal conductivity of the material (certificate indicator), you can determine the thickness of the insulation in meters.

By types of materials, insulation is classified as follows.

1. Expanded polystyrene - expanded plastic produced in plates. Has a low specific gravity and thermal conductivity. It fits, as a rule, in several layers with overlapping joints. It is used for thermal insulation of flat roofs, its service life is determined by manufacturers at 50 years.

   

   Expanded polystyrene boards are commonly used for insulating flat roofs

2. Polyurethane foam is a gas-filled plastic mass. Most often it is used for thermal insulation of roofs and attics. With low thermal conductivity and low weight, it has vapor barrier properties and has a long service life.

3. Mineral wool. It is made from natural materials, does not burn, perfectly conserves heat. Moisture absorption is low, rodents do not live in it and bacteria and insects do not develop.

   

   Foil insulation made of mineral wool has high thermal insulation properties due to the coating that reflects heat

4. Glass wool. It is a type of material made from glass waste. Such insulation is not flammable, resistant to getting wet and does not support the vital activity of rodents.

In terms of manufacturability and price indicators, mineral wool is most often used for insulation, various modifications of which are suitable for pitched and flat roofs. The most commonly used materials are Knauf (glass wool slabs) and Rockwool (mineral wool), which have long won popularity among consumers.

Also popular is the Finnish Isover insulation roll. He appeared on the Russian market one of the first and still enjoys a well-deserved prestige. It is used for both roofs and walls.

Waterproofing

Moisture can get into the insulation layer not only from the inner space, but also from the outside. This happens in cases where there are even small defects in the installation of the finish coating, as well as as a result of moisture condensation on its inner surface. In addition, any vapor barrier protection does not give a complete guarantee against moisture penetration into the insulation, so it must also be removed.

To protect against these unfavorable phenomena, a layer of waterproofing is laid between the insulation and the roofing material. Waterproofing films are of the following types.

1. Universal - a reinforced polymer film that does not allow water or moisture in the vapor state to pass through. It is installed above the insulation with a ventilation gap of 50 mm. It is important during installation not to stretch the film too much, but to provide sagging by 10-15 mm. In this position, it removes moisture from the wooden structures of the rafter system.
2. With microperforation - these are products with microscopic holes, to a certain extent, endowed with vapor permeability. Therefore, they should be placed in the roofing cake strictly in a certain position. However, it is difficult to make a mistake here - the products are color-coded. During installation, you need to arrange a gap between the film and the insulation.
3. Anti-condensation - with a special viscose layer and the addition of cotton fibers. The advantage of this layer is its high hygroscopicity. It actively absorbs moisture in a large amount; under normal conditions it evaporates and is carried out into the outer space along the ventilation gap. The size of the ventilation duct is set the same as in the previous version.

4. Superdiffusion membranes - due to their structure, they actively remove moisture from the insulation and at the same time absolutely do not allow water to pass in the opposite direction. The second positive side of such membranes is that there is no need for a ventilation gap. They can be laid directly on the insulation, usually with a certain side to it. There are also membranes that can be installed on either side, but they are more expensive.

   

   The waterproofing film is usually laid along the eaves and attached to the rafter beams with counter-lattice bars

Waterproofing films are rolled out perpendicular to the rafters from bottom to top. We remind you of some of the rules for its installation:

• the size of the overlap during installation should be 15–20 cm, some manufacturers customize the size of the overlap to be color coded;
• all connections must be fastened with special perforated tape;
• the waterproofing film is fixed to the rafters using a counter-rail up to 50 mm thick with the formation of a gap for ventilation.

For a cold roof, it is better to use a budget version of a universal or diffusion film. Such brands as "Yutafol D", "Izospan D", "Folder D" and others are suitable. You can buy more expensive products, but the ratio of price, quality and functionality will not be in their favor.

For an insulated roof or attic, you can use a universal or diffusion film of the same brands, but with a mandatory ventilation duct. Superdiffusion can be installed on any roof and with any insulation method. Popular brands "Folder", "Tyvek", "Yutavek", "Light", "Delta", "Vent" and others.

Top coat for roofing

A variety of materials are used to cover roofs. However, the basic requirements for them remain unchanged.

1. Tightness, providing complete protection of the interior from moisture and water in any form.
2. Low noise, protecting the living space from sounds coming from the roof during heavy rainfall.
3. Durability, allowing the roof to be used for at least 15, and in some cases up to 50 years. Some types of roofs (slate, ceramic tiles, copper) allow this period to be increased to hundreds or more years.
4. The total weight of the roofing system must correspond to the bearing capacity of the building frame and its foundation.
5. The appearance of the roof should harmoniously fit into the exterior of the site and the house.

In private housing, metal roofing is quite popular.

1. Decking. It is made of galvanized sheet metal with a thickness of 0.45–0.7 mm by the method of profiling, in its commercial form it is coated with a zinc layer. In some cases, a paint-and-varnish or plastic coating is applied to the surface, which increases the service life and appearance of the products.
2. Metal tiles. It is made from the same material by stamping in a shape that imitates natural tiles. Such a roof covering is always provided with an additional protective layer of resistant paint or plastic.
3. Seam roof. Consists of smooth galvanized sheets, joined by a special seam - rebate.
4. Non-ferrous metal coatings - aluminum and copper. They can be shaped like shingles in shingles or produced as flat sheets for seam roofs.

Photo gallery: varieties of metal roofing materials

A beautiful and durable roof for any type of building is obtained from metal tiles.

The roof of a house made of corrugated board will be reliable, durable and inexpensive

With the correct arrangement of the connecting seam, the seam roof will serve for several decades

Copper tile roofing is difficult to fit, but it looks very beautiful and has been serving for over 100 years

Other roofing materials are also used.

1. Asbestos slate - not so long ago, it was leading in the list of materials for roofing. Recently, its positions have been supplanted by other types of materials. Today, slate is most often used to shelter secondary buildings, although it has rather high consumer properties.

   

   Traditional asbestos slate is still a popular roofing material

2. Ceramic tiles, molded from certain types of clay and fired in ovens. The material is highly durable, easy to install due to its small size. Its only drawback is its heavy weight, which requires a fairly solid foundation. The service life in some cases exceeds 50 years.

   

   Traditional ceramic material creates a beautiful, reliable and durable roof

3. Cement-sand and concrete roof tiles are produced in formats close to their ceramic counterparts and have similar mechanical and consumer properties. It can be dyed in various colors by adding dyes to the solution during the production process. A clear drawback of this material is its heavy weight.

   

   Cement-sand tiles look very beautiful and serve for a long time, but they require a powerful rafter system due to their heavy weight

4. Roof coverings made of composite materials, such as Shinglas or ondulin tiles, are made from cellulose with the addition of fibrous materials. In the production process, they are impregnated with polymer-bitumen compounds, which makes the material resistant to moisture and ultraviolet light. The advantage of this topcoat is its low weight. The service life is determined at least 30 years, although confirmation of this fact can be obtained a little later.

5. For low-pitched and flat roofs, a weld-on roll roof is often used. The basis for their manufacture is polymer mesh or glass cloth. For installation, the lower surface of the web is heated with a gas-flame burner and glued to the prepared surface. The top layer is covered with granite, basalt or slate chips. The peculiarity is the need for regular inspection and maintenance of the roof to identify and eliminate damage. The service life of such roofs does not exceed 10 years. The main types of roll materials on the Russian market are Technonikol, Uniflex, Bikrost.

   

   Fusion-bonded roll materials are commonly used for flat and low-slope roofs

6. Self-leveling roofs are made from molten bitumen or liquid rubber-type compounds by direct pouring onto a prepared surface. Spreading over the surface is done with special scrapers. The layer thickness should not exceed two millimeters. The result is a continuous coating without seams and joints.

   

   The self-leveling roof is a continuous sealed roofing carpet

From among the purely natural materials for the finishing of roofs, one can single out such as clay slate, straw and reeds, as well as wooden shingles. They are rarely used and are not competitive in the market.

Features of installation of various types and nodes of the roof

The roof covering must have a number of important characteristics, which were mentioned above:

• tightness;
• sufficient strength;
• UV resistance;
• compliance with climatic conditions.

Flexible roof device

Flexible shingles fully meet these conditions, being much cheaper than other materials. Before laying the shingles, geotextiles must be laid on the sheathing in order to organize high-quality drainage. The use of this coating is possible for buildings of any purpose and for any form of roof.

The dimensions of the tile sheet are 1.0x0.33 m, it is made of glass fiber impregnated with polymer-bitumen compositions with the addition of various modifiers and plasticizers. The outer surface is covered with a protective layer of various types of chips, which makes it immune to ultraviolet light.

1. The installation of the roof begins from any lower corner of the rafter system along a continuous sheathing. Considering the small size of single sheets, waste is minimal.

2. First of all, cornice shingles are nailed, covering the overhang of the roof. If there are no such in the delivery set, the usual ones are used, from which the petals are cut.

   

   Flexible shingles begin to be laid from the eaves, and then move up to the ridge

3. For guaranteed even distribution of the material along the slope, chalk marks are made on it, along which the roof shingles are laid. Each shingle is attached to the sheathing with four roofing nails.

Video: installation of flexible shingles

Rigid roof device

Rigid roofs can be made from various materials:

• professional flooring;
• metal tile;
• slate;
• sheet coating in the form of galvanized or non-ferrous metals.

The installation process for a topcoat may look like this.

1. Overhang formation. To do this, fillies (extension cords) are stuffed along each rafter leg, the cord is pulled between the extreme ends and the fillies are trimmed along one line.
2. Installation of waterproofing. The film is laid at right angles to the rafters in the direction from bottom to top and fixed with counter-lattice bars.

3. Installation of battens. It is laid from a board 25x100 or 25x150 mm. For profiled materials, the lathing is made sparse. In this case, at a distance of 400–500 mm from the ridge, it is solid.

   

   Under hard coverings, the crate is made sparse everywhere, except for the ridge and valleys

4. Laying the topcoat. It is produced from any corner of the roof also in the direction from bottom to top. The amount of overlap is calculated in advance; it should not be less than the recommended one for the type of coating used. First, the first row is covered until the ridge is reached, after which the installation of the second and subsequent rows begins in the same order. Fastening of coating materials is carried out in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.

5. Installation of ridge strips and design of overhangs.

   

   For filing eaves, it is best to use plastic or metal soffits with perforations for ventilation of the roof space

Each coating has its own fastening methods and corresponding fasteners. Additional roof elements are installed during installation.

Video: do-it-yourself metal profile installation

Cold roof installation

Installing a cold roof at home is appropriate in areas where temperature drops are small and the heating season is short. In this case, the following operations are performed.

1. Installation of the lathing on the rafter system. The material for it can be an edged board with a thickness of 25 or 32 mm. The step of the lathing depends on the parameters of the topcoat and the slope of the roof.
2. A waterproofing material is laid on top of the crate. For a roof of this design, it can be a simple polyethylene film with a thickness of about 200 microns. Individual canvases are laid with an overlap of 150-200 mm, the joints are glued with construction tape. Purpose - collection and drainage of condensate from under the topcoat.
3. The roof finish is installed according to the technology corresponding to the material.

4. Overhangs are being made.

   

   There are no layers of heat and vapor insulation in the roofing cake of a cold roof

Installation of roofing accessories

Roofing accessories include the following products.

1. Snow holders. They are fences in the form of barriers made of shaped metal to retain snow on the roof slopes. Their purpose is to prevent the spontaneous melting of snow masses, as a result of which injury to people is possible. Snow holders are attached to the finishing roof covering on special supports. For metal tiles, these parts have a special shape.

   

   Snow holders prevent spontaneous snow from the roof in winter

2. Stationary roof ladders. Attached to the wall of the house (vertical part) and fixed on the ridge (pitched part). They are used when inspecting the roof, performing routine repairs, as well as for servicing chimneys.

   

   Roof ladders are designed to safely climb and move on the roof

3. Roofing skates. Included in the delivery set of the topcoat, intended for installation at the intersection of roof slopes.

4. Roof bridges, which, like ladders, are necessary for moving along the roof during inspections, repairs and other operations at height.

   

   Roof walkways ensure safe work at height

5. Roof fences. They are installed along the perimeter of the slopes and are intended to prevent people from falling when working on the roof. They are used on the roofs of houses with two floors and above.

Roof gutters

Gutters are an important part of the roof structure as their function is to collect water from the roof, including rain, melt and condensation. They are installed between the water intake funnels.

There are two ways to install gutters.

1. Hanging gutters are attached to the top of the cornice paintings on special hooks.
2. Wall-mounted are mounted on brackets attached to the wall.

Work on the installation of gutters is carried out after the completion of the design of the overhangs. Regardless of the installation method, the gutters work equally successfully on roofs with any slope angle.

Video: installing gutters

Typical mistakes when installing the roof

Inexperienced builders often make mistakes, which can subsequently lead to significant costs.

1. The absence of an armored belt over the walls made of foam concrete blocks. Consequences - as a result of the moistening of foam concrete and the impact of concentrated loads from the rafter system, the wall collapses at the support points, the roof is warped with a violation of the tightness of the coating.
2. Ignoring the need to attach the rafter legs to the Mauerlat. As a result of exposure to wind loads, the roof structure can be moved or carried away at extreme values of the impact. The requirements of clause 5.1 and 7.1 of SNiP on February 31, 2001 were violated.
3. Incorrect design or lack of ventilation ducts. Ventilation is necessary for rooms with high air humidity - toilets, bathrooms, kitchens, etc. If it is absent, fungal and putrefactive formations may develop, which contribute to the destruction of the supporting structures of the house. In addition, it negatively affects the health of residents.
4. Incorrect execution of the places of support of the rafter legs on the Mauerlat due to the lack of a support platform in the form of an oblique cut. The result is an uncontrolled displacement of the rafter legs and deformation of the entire rafter system. There is a violation of clauses 5.9 and 6.16 of SNiP II-25-80. The consequences are the displacement of the rafter legs and the destruction of the roof completely.
5. Lack of rafter puffs. Their purpose is to create a rigid triangle in roof trusses. In the absence of puffs, the roof disperses and collapses. Ceiling transfers can be used as these elements.

This list can be continued for a long time. You need to understand one circumstance - it is imperative that the requirements of the agreed and approved project be strictly followed.

Care advice

When planning work on the arrangement of the roof, you need to attend to the problems that may arise during its operation.

1. Purchase some spare hardware so that damaged parts can be replaced.
2. Buy a small can of paint of the appropriate color to repair damage to the protective layer.
3. For the first time after installation, at least once a month, inspect the roof surface for damage. The detected defects must be eliminated immediately, preventing their development. This is especially true for self-leveling and welded roofs.

In order for the operation of the roof to be long and trouble-free, it needs to be given constant attention, as well as to have a small repair kit for timely intervention if necessary.

In principle, there is nothing super complicated in installing a roof with your own hands. You just need to know the basic rules for performing work and clearly understand the mechanics of the roofing system. It is important to start correctly, that is, create a draft design. After that, it is imperative to show it to a design specialist and eliminate all comments. It should also be understood that making a roof yourself does not mean doing all the work alone.