How To Cover The Roof With Metal Tiles, Including With Your Own Hands, As Well As Calculating The Amount Of Required Material

2024 Author: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 12:53

Do-it-yourself rules for arranging a metal roof

Metal tile is a durable material that looks very attractive and does not require significant financial costs to use. Installation of this roofing can be done independently, but this requires careful adherence to the installation technology and the use of only high-quality materials.

Content

• 1 How to cover the roof with metal tiles with your own hands

  • 1.1 Required tools

  • 1.2 Preparation of the roof for metal tiles

    1.2.1 Video: roof insulation pie - how to do it right

  • 1.3 Installation of battens

    1.3.1 Video: template for the installation of the crate under the metal tile

  • 1.4 Installation of metal tiles: step by step instructions

    1.4.1 Video: the correct joint of metal sheets

• 2 Features of the installation of various roof elements made of metal tiles

  • 2.1 Installation of the ridge on the metal tile

    2.1.1 Video: laying the skate on metal tiles

  • 2.2 Piping through the roof

    2.2.1 Video: mounting Master Flash on metal tiles

  • 2.3 Features of thermal insulation of a roof made of metal tiles
  • 2.4 Installing the ventilation pipe
  • 2.5 Earthing of a metal roof

• 3 Calculation of the required amount of material for metal roofing

  • 3.1 Calculation of roofing
  • 3.2 Calculation of the number of roofing screws

How to cover the roof with metal tiles with your own hands

All work on the construction of a roof made of metal tiles must be performed with maximum attention and in full compliance with technology. First of all, this applies to those stages of installation, the quality of which you will not be able to check without opening the laid coatings - the laying of insulation, which should be mounted without gaps, and waterproofing material (especially the joints).

Remember that all negative consequences may not appear immediately. You can find out about violations in the technology of installing a roofing pie already during the operation of the roof by the presence of leaks.

The metal tile looks very nice and reliably protects the roof, but when installing it, strict adherence to technology is required for all layers of the roofing cake

Required tools

Most often, metal tiles are mounted on a gable roof. To do this, you need to prepare:

• hacksaw and scissors for cutting metal;
• electric drill;
• electric saw with carbide teeth;
• roofing screws;
• screwdriver.

Roof preparation for metal tiles

Before laying metal tiles, all other layers of the roofing cake should be mounted. In the case of arranging a cold roof, this is a crate and waterproofing. These elements protect the roof structure from moisture ingress, which can have a detrimental effect on all wooden parts of the roof. Installation of waterproofing must be carried out in the following sequence:

1. Lay out the roofing material on the rafters. It must be laid horizontally. Work begins from the bottom, gradually moving up. The material is laid with an overlap of at least 15 cm. The canvases should not be too taut, a sag of 2–4 cm is allowed.

   

   The waterproofing film is laid parallel to the eaves slope with an overlap between the canvases of at least 15 cm

2. The easiest way to fix the material is with a stapler. The joints can be additionally sealed with a special connecting tape.
3. Fix the film with 50x50 mm bars nailed along the rafters. These bars are called counter battens and are used to create a ventilation gap between the waterproofing and the roof covering.

If you plan to equip a warm roof, a classic roofing pie structure is mounted, which, among others, includes layers of heat and vapor insulation. When using a diffusion film, the ventilation gap does not need to be set; in all other cases, care must be taken to ensure that there is a 5 cm gap between the waterproofing film and the roof covering.

In the construction of a warm roof, a ventilation gap between the waterproofing and the topcoat is necessarily provided, which contributes to the timely removal of condensate from the lower surface of the metal tile

Video: roof insulation pie - how to do it right

Installation of battens

The metal tile must be mounted on the crate, which must be properly equipped. It is required to prepare in advance the required number of boards with a cross section of 100 * 25 mm and several boards 15 cm wide more - so that they are enough for the installation of a cornice strip for the entire length of the slopes. The lathing is attached to the counter-lattice bars in the following sequence:

1. The widest board is mounted first. It is a curtain rail for metal tiles.
2. Further, other crate boards are attached. The step between them should be chosen depending on the transverse step of the metal tile profile. Values of 35 or 40 cm are considered standard. The distance between the eaves plank and the next board should be 5 cm less than the selected step. You can fix the battens with nails or self-tapping screws.

It is recommended to strengthen the structure of the crate at the chimney, ridge and in valleys. In these places, you need to make a continuous flooring.

Before using wooden parts, they must be thoroughly dried and treated with special antiseptic agents that prevent decay.

Video: a template for mounting a crate for metal tiles

Installation of metal tiles: step by step instructions

All eaves must be fixed to the very last board of the frame. Only after that you can proceed to the installation of the metal tile directly. This must be done according to the following instructions:

1. You need to start work at the bottom corner. The first sheet is fixed with one self-tapping screw.

   

   The lowest sheet, located on one of the gable slopes, is laid first

2. Sheets should be laid with an overlap in one wave, and their lower edges should form a straight line. The joint must be fixed at the upper edge. Make sure that the screws do not fall past the sheathing boards. If the sheets were unevenly laid, then the top sheet should be lifted slightly and adjusted.

   

   Metal sheets are laid with horizontal overlap in one wave

3. When arranging a hipped roof, the sheets must be laid on top, moving in two directions at once.

4. The lower edge of the metal tile should hang 5 cm from the eaves.

   

   The metal tile is located on the lathing and is laid with a slight overhang relative to the eaves so that the streams of water flowing from the roof fall exactly into the gutters

5. Tile sheets can be fixed only after they have all been laid.

Video: the correct joint of metal sheets

Features of the installation of various roof elements made of metal tiles

Consider the features of the installation of some elements of the roof covered with metal tiles.

Installation of a ridge on a metal tile

The ridge of the roof provides ventilation of the roof space. There are several types of ridge elements that can be used for a roof tile:

• semicircular;
• mortise;
• T-shaped;
• Y-shaped;
• decorative;
• additional bar.

The color of the ridge must be matched to the color of the metal tile itself, the assortment allows you to do this without any problems.

The ridge strip is placed on a pre-prepared crate flooring and screwed to it through a special sealing tape

To install this additional element you will need:

• scissors for metal;
• saw with fine teeth;
• jigsaw, preferably electric;
• Circular Saw;
• holder for a lightning rod (if installed);
• sealant (can be self-expanding polyurethane foam with acrylic impregnation, profiled polyethylene foam or universal);
• sealant.

Installation of the ridge on a metal roof is performed in the following sequence:

1. Check the evenness of the ridge axis - where the roof slopes meet in their upper part. A curvature of no more than 2 cm is allowed. More serious curvatures must be corrected.

2. Place a seal in the ridge grooves to protect the ridge attachment point from water and snow. This must be done very carefully, since there is a great risk of disrupting the ventilation of the under-roof space.

   

   A seal must be placed under the ridge strip so that it can pass the air necessary for ventilation of the under-roof space, but served as reliable protection from snow and rain

3. Raise the skate to the roof. At this stage, it is better to involve an assistant, because you are unlikely to be able to do this on your own.

4. Place the skate on the outer edge of the roof. Make sure that the ridge is laid as evenly as possible relative to the edge of the metal tile. Vertical gaps are unacceptable. Also, do not skew the structure.

   

   It is possible to fix the ridge strip only after it is completely aligned with the edge of the roofing

5. Secure the ridge with self-tapping screws. This should be done along the outer edge.
6. Pull the cord along which to further align the inner corners of the ridge. Then the structure can be finally fixed.

If the ridge consists of several planks, then they must be laid with an overlap of 10-15 cm.

Video: laying the skate on metal tiles

Pipe passage through the roof

It is recommended to determine the location of the pipe on the roof made of metal tiles at the design stage. There are some rules that must be followed when installing a chimney. You cannot withdraw the pipe:

• through the valleys, since in this place it will not be possible to ensure the complete tightness of the pipe junction to the surface of the metal tile;
• near roof windows, as there is a possibility of smoke entering the house through them.

The passage of the brick chimney pipe through the metal tile is sealed with a metal apron

The optimal location for the chimney can be considered a part of the slope near the ridge. There are several reasons for this:

• in winter, the least amount of snow accumulates here, which means that the load on the pipe will be minimal;
• the overhead part of the pipe will have the lowest height, due to which wind and other atmospheric phenomena will not affect the process of removing combustion products;
• most of the chimney will remain inside the building, which means that the likelihood of condensation on its inner surface will be minimized.

In the case of arranging an insulated roof in the place of the chimney passage, there is a risk of fire. Therefore, it is very important that structural elements made of combustible materials are located at least 13 cm from the pipe surface. When using a ceramic chimney, it is recommended to increase this value to 25 cm.

It is necessary to install the pipe passage through the roof in the following sequence:

1. Install the inner apron. In the marked places of the pipe, it is necessary to make grooves for fastening the apron with a depth of at least 1.5 cm.
2. Rinse the brick surface with water and let it dry thoroughly.

3. Install the apron strips. First, the lower one is laid, then the side ones, and at the end - the upper bar. They need to be laid with an overlap, which should be 15 cm.

   

   The strips of the inner apron (wall profile) are installed into prepared grooves and fastened with self-tapping screws

4. Insert the edges of the strips into the prepared grooves. Seal the junction points with sealant. It is recommended to fasten the strips to the pipe with self-tapping screws.
5. A so-called tie must be installed under the apron. This is a metal sheet with a flange, along which excess water will flow in the direction of the valley or eaves. This will ensure that there are no leaks at the junction of the metal tile to the pipe.
6. Now you can lay the metal tile further along the roof surface.

7. After that, the upper apron is equipped, which performs an exclusively decorative function. This should be done in the same way as when installing the inner flange, however, the edges of the slats must be fixed directly to the chimney (without a strobe device).

   

   The upper apron of the chimney covers the junction of the pipe and the metal tile and is a purely decorative element

When installing a round pipe, the process of arranging the junction is slightly different. For this, a silicone or rubber roof penetration can be used. Due to the elasticity of the material, its base exactly takes the shape of the roof covering and provides reliable sealing of the joint.

Roofing penetration "Master Flash" is made of elastic rubber or heat-resistant silicone, so it can be precisely shaped

Video: we mount Master Flash on metal tiles

Features of roof insulation made of metal tiles

Roof insulation implies the laying of a special material with low thermal conductivity. It is recommended to install breathable materials on a roof made of metal tiles, which most often have a fibrous structure. They are chosen for their good heat and sound insulation properties, as well as for their absolute incombustibility. This is especially important in the case when a stove will be equipped in the house, which means that you will have to bring out the chimney. To insulate a roof made of metal tiles, you can use:

• mineral wool. It is the most popular material for roof insulation and is supplied in rolls or slabs. You need to work with mineral wool in special clothing and glasses, because it emits small dust particles that irritate the skin, and if ingested, it can cause serious diseases;

  

  Mineral wool is a popular insulation and is characterized by absolute non-flammability and good thermal insulation properties.

• fiberglass. A material similar to mineral wool, but even more dangerous upon contact, since the dust particles that are released into the air contain the smallest particles of glass;
• basalt wool. This insulation is based on the same fiberglass, but special components have been added to it that improve the thermal insulation properties and increase the material's resistance to wetting;
• Styrofoam. A simple and inexpensive material that keeps heat well, but is flammable, so you cannot use it near the chimney;
• polyurethane foam. It can be produced in solid and liquid state. Rigid polyurethane foam is a panel material that can be installed in the same way as foam or mineral wool. Liquid insulation material consists of two components, which are mixed before use, and the resulting composition is applied by spraying.

The thickness of the insulation layer under the metal tile should be 15–20 cm, then it will reliably protect the interior from heat loss and from the noise of falling water. When choosing a heater, you should pay attention to:

• sorption moisture, which is an indicator of the water-repellent properties of the material - it should be minimal;
• water-absorbing properties. Even if you install a vapor barrier layer, it is impossible to guarantee full protection of the insulation from moisture penetration, therefore this indicator should be as low as possible;
• vapor permeability - the ability of a material to pass water vapor through itself and remove it outside.

When insulating a roof made of metal tiles, certain rules should be followed:

• it is better to carry out insulation even at the stage of roof construction;

• the insulation must be protected both from the side of residential premises with a vapor barrier film and from the side of the roofing material with waterproofing;

  

  From the side of residential premises, the insulation is protected by a vapor barrier film

• it is necessary to lay insulation mats without gaps;
• it is recommended to equip two layers of insulation, and each layer should be laid with an offset of the joints in order to exclude the possibility of cold air penetration;
• the formation of deflections of the insulation material should not be allowed;
• to seal the joints, it is allowed to use polyurethane foam.

It is necessary to carry out insulation of the roof made of metal tiles in the following sequence:

1. Lay plywood or boards on the roof beams, on which you can freely move along the roof surface.
2. Install a vapor barrier film from the inside of the rafter joists. Lay this material overlap, raise the edges to the walls around the perimeter. All joints should be additionally sealed with connecting tape.

3. Lay the insulation. If roll material is used, each subsequent roll must be stacked in the opposite direction. For example, if the first one was spread from top to bottom, then the second one needs to be expanded from bottom to top.

   

   It is recommended to use insulation in the mats, then it is quite easy to insert them into the space between the rafters

4. In the event that a pipe is encountered on the way of the insulation, for example, a ventilation duct or chimney, then the insulation must be cut off and continue laying after the obstacle.
5. When gaps and gaps appear, they must be sealed with pieces of insulation.

When choosing polyurethane foam as insulation, the insulation process looks a little different:

1. The surface of the roof must be cleaned of dust and debris. It is also necessary to degrease it.
2. Mount the lightweight crate. The total thickness of the battens and rafter laths should be equal to the desired thickness of the thermal insulation layer.

3. The polyurethane foam can now be applied directly, spreading it evenly over the surface. Before using the material, you need to heat each component to a suitable temperature, then pour the liquid into a special gun, where the ingredients are mixed. The result of mixing is the foaming of the material, which allows the insulation to fill the entire space between the rafters, including all cracks and gaps.

   

   To apply polyurethane foam, you need to use special equipment

Installation of a ventilation pipe

Metal tiles are among those roofing materials that require a high-quality ventilation system. It will avoid the formation of condensation on the inside of the roof covering and insulation. The main tasks performed by ventilation outlets in a metal tile are:

• cooling the surface of the roofing material, due to which the snow on it will not melt, which means that there will be no ice on the roof and eaves either;
• ensuring the necessary air circulation both in residential premises and in the under-roof space.

A ventilation pipe is necessary to organize the natural movement of air in the under-roof space

Ventilation outlets allow natural ventilation of the roof space. As a rule, they are a metal pipe in a plastic casing. Additionally, the passageway is sealed with polyurethane foam. After installation, a deflector cap is installed on the upper part of the pipe, which is designed to protect the place of the ventilation outlet from getting inside any atmospheric precipitation and to provide the necessary draft for organizing air exchange.

Installation of ventilation elements is carried out in the following order:

1. Holes for pipes are cut in the metal tile. This should be done in pre-designated places.

   

   It is most convenient to cut the hole in the metal tile according to the template that is included in the ventilation pipe kit

2. A sealant is applied to the passage element, then it is inserted into the prepared hole and fixed with self-tapping screws.

3. A ventilation outlet is inserted into this element, the verticality of the installation is checked with a level, after which the device is fixed with self-tapping screws.

   

   The ventilation outlet must be installed strictly vertically

4. The ventilation outlet is connected to an air duct located inside a private house, for which it is recommended to use a corrugated pipe. It needs to be pulled through layers of steam, hydro and thermal insulation.

   

   The passage of the ventilation duct through the roofing cake is performed using a corrugated pipe, the passage through the vapor barrier is protected by a special plastic cover

5. The place where the ventilation duct passes through the vapor barrier film is treated with a connecting tape, sealant or sealant.

Metal roof earthing

It is recommended to ground a roof made of metal tiles due to some features of its design. This is due to the fact that at the time of a thunderstorm, metal sheets are able to accumulate an electric charge, since they do not contact the ground. The earthing of the roof made of metal tiles must be carried out along the entire perimeter of the roof. For this, a down conductor is installed on the metal surface of the roof and connected to a grounding device. You do not need to perform any more actions.

The down conductor is usually installed on the edge of the roof on the side closest to the grounding device

Calculation of the required amount of material for metal roofing

It is very important to correctly calculate the materials that are needed for the installation of a metal roof.

Roofing calculation

It is quite simple to calculate the metal tile. To do this, you need to know:

• total roof surface area or area of each slope;
• parameters of a sheet of metal (may differ for each manufacturer).

The following is an example of a calculation for a house with a gable roof with the following parameters:

• the width of the slope along the cornice is 5 m;
• total coverage 1180 mm;

• the useful size of the cover, taking into account the overlaps of 1100 mm.

  

  The working width of a sheet of metal is calculated as the difference between its full width and the size of the overlap with the adjacent sheet

The calculation of the amount of material occurs in the following sequence:

1. Determination of the number of rows. To do this, the width of the slope along the cornice is divided by the useful width of the sheet: K = 5000/1100 = 4.5. We round this result to the nearest integer and we get that our roof will contain 5 rows of metal tiles.
2. Determination of the area of the metal tile. By length, sheets are usually ordered in the size of the slope to avoid unnecessary joints. It is important not to forget to take into account the size of the eaves. With a slope length of 4 m and an eaves overhang of 50 cm, 4.5 m long sheets will be required. Then the total area of the material required to cover the slope will be 5 ∙ 4.5 ∙ 1.18 = 26.55 m ². When calculating the coverage area, it is necessary to take into account the full width of the sheet.
3. For a gable roof, the result obtained must be multiplied by 2. The total area of the required coverage will be 26.55 ∙ 2 = 53.1 m ².

Calculation of the number of roofing screws

It is quite simple to calculate the self-tapping screws for the installation of metal tiles. If your house has a conventional gable roof, then for 1 m2 ^of roofing you will need from 8 to 10 self-tapping screws. Thus, for the roof we are considering, no more than 10 ∙ 53.1 = 531 pieces will be required. Taking into account the possible marriage and losses, it is recommended to buy 550 self-tapping screws.

To calculate the consumption of fasteners for a roof of a more complex shape, it is recommended to draw its plan on a sheet of paper, where to indicate the location of each sheet and the proposed installation locations of the screws. It should be borne in mind that the lower row of metal tiles should be fixed with a self-tapping screw in each wave, and all subsequent fasteners must be staggered, that is, through the wave.

A roof made of metal tiles will serve you for a long time, but only if the technology of laying not only the finishing material itself, but also all layers of the roofing cake is observed. Particular attention must be paid to the evenness of the coating, since the tightness of the structure depends on this.