Pear Lada: Description And Characteristics Of The Variety, Advantages And Disadvantages, Planting And Care Features + Photos And Reviews

2024 Author: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 22:26

Pear Lada: early, juicy, fruitful

The pear variety Lada does not require special care, has high frost resistance and immunity to diseases, withstands sharp changes in climatic conditions. Fruits for universal use. Pears are used for the preparation of seasonal preparations and are eaten fresh.

Content

• 1 History and description of the pear Lada

  1.1 Distinctive features of the variety - table

• 2 Advantages and disadvantages of Lada

• 3 Landing features

  • 3.1 Pollinators

    3.1.1 The best pollinators for the pear variety Lada in the photo

  • 3.2 Selection of seedlings
  • 3.3 Choosing a landing site
  • 3.4 Site preparation
  • 3.5 Step by step process

• 4 Plant care

  • 4.1 Watering

  • 4.2 Cropping

    4.2.1 Spring pruning of pears - video

  • 4.3 Top dressing

    4.3.1 Fertilization - Table

  • 4.4 Preparing for winter

• 5 Diseases and pests

  • 5.1 Pest Control Measures - Table

    5.1.1 Harmful insects in the photo

  • 5.2 Control measures and prevention of diseases - table

    5.2.1 Diseases of the pear in the photo

• 6 Harvesting and storage of crops
• 7 Reviews of gardeners about the variety

History and description of pear Lada

Lada is an early summer pear variety. Received at the Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev as a result of crossing the varieties Olga and Lesnaya Krasavitsa. The authorship is assigned to Russian breeders S. T. Chizhov and S. P. Potapov. The variety was entered in the State Register in 1993 for the Central, Central Black Earth and Middle Volga regions. Widely distributed in the Moscow region.

Crohn at a young age, funnel-shaped, with fruiting - pyramidal

The tree is medium-sized, the height of an adult pear is not more than 3 m. The crown is funnel-shaped before fruiting, and in the form of a cone during fruiting. Leafiness and density are average. The bark of the trunk and branches is gray. Lada bears fruit on annual and perennial branches. Harvested at the end of summer.

Shoots are brown, long, of medium thickness, rounded in cross section. The internodes are short, without pubescence; the lenticels are small, few in number. Buds are dark brown, cone-shaped, slightly deflected. Leaves are elongated-oval, green. The lower and upper surface of the leaf is without pubescence. The flowers are small, cupped, the closeness of the petals is average. Inflorescences in the form of a corymbose brush, consisting of 5-7 flowers. White buds.

The surface of the fruit is light yellow with a blurred light red blush on the sunny side

Fruits are obovate, weighing 90–110 g, smooth surface. The skin is thin, light yellow with a slight reddish blush. Rustiness is weak, noticeable only at the stalk. The subcutaneous points are almost invisible. The peduncle is short, of medium thickness. Each fruit contains less than five brown seeds. The pulp is white with a yellow or cream shade, sweet and sour taste, weak aroma. The structure of the pulp is fine-grained, juicy and dense. The difference between the fruits is an attractive appearance.

There are quite a few early summer pear varieties. The closest in development characteristics and fruit quality to the Lada variety are Chizhovskaya and Rogneda.

Distinctive features of the variety - table

Index	Lada	Chizhovskaya	Rogneda
Winter hardiness	High	High	High
Harvest from one tree	50 Kg	45 Kg	55 kg
Fruit weight	90-110 g	120-140 g	120 g
Taste (score on a five-point scale)	4,3	4.1	4.0
Scab resistance	High	High	High

Advantages and disadvantages of Lada

Lada has many advantages, which include:

• early maturity;
• high scab resistance;
• frost resistance;
• bountiful annual harvests.

Moreover, the tree adapts well to extreme weather conditions. Pears have a high tasting rating and an attractive presentation. When ripe, the fruits do not fall off, under the right conditions they are stored for up to three months.

The main disadvantage of the variety is its exactingness to the nutrient composition of the soil. It is possible to crush fruits and reduce yields with improper care and untimely feeding. Fruit transportability is low.

Landing features

You can plant a pear in open ground in early autumn or in early spring after the frost stops. For good rooting of a young tree, you need to choose the right place and prepare the site first.

Pollinators

Pear Lada belongs to the partially self-fertile varieties. To improve the ovary and increase the yield, trees must be additionally pollinated with a combined pollen with special pollinators or planted in the garden next to varieties such as Severyanka, Rogneda, Kosmicheskaya, Chizhovskaya, Otradnenskaya.

The best pollinators for the pear variety Lada in the photo

Pear variety Chizhovskaya annually gives bountiful harvests

Severyanka pear variety is distinguished by its early maturity

The Rogneda pear variety is distinguished by good consumer qualities of the fruit.

Pear variety Otradnenskaya resistant to scab

Cosmic pear variety is characterized by high frost resistance

Selection of seedlings

When choosing planting material, preference should be given to two-year-old zoned seedlings. It is best to buy them in garden stores or specialized nurseries. The bark of the trunk and branches must be free of mechanical damage, the root system must be free of dried roots. The trunk should have 7–8 well-developed branches, from which the main skeleton of the tree will subsequently form.

Choosing a landing site

The best place to plant pears is on the south or southeast side of the garden. The tree does not like strong cold winds, so the chosen place should be free of drafts, with enough sunlight.

Suitable soil - fertile black soil, loam with neutral acidity. Clay soils are not suitable. The groundwater level should be no higher than 2 m.

Site preparation

Before the autumn planting, the site is prepared in August. 7 kg of compost, 50 g of superphosphate, 25 g of potassium salt (per 1 m²) are evenly sprinkled on it. After that, the site is dug to the depth of the shovel bayonet.

For spring planting in the fall, a planting pit is prepared. They dig a hole with a diameter of 1.3 m and a depth of 80 cm. The earth is mixed with the following fertilizers:

• azofoska - 200 g;
• semi-rotten manure or compost - 10 kg;
• ash - 600 g;
• dolomite - 700 g.

The pit is poured with the resulting soil mixture.

Step by step process

To avoid air voids between the roots, filling the ground, the seedling must be shaken periodically, slightly pulling it up, then the soil will be evenly distributed between the roots

Before planting, the roots of the seedling are soaked in water for 2 hours, and then dipped in a clay chatterbox

1. In a prepared pit, a hole is dug with a diameter of 1 m and a depth of about 70 cm.
2. At the bottom, loosen the soil and break 10 fresh eggs.
3. A wooden peg is driven into the center of the pit.
4. A seedling is lowered into the pit. The root collar should be 6 cm above the level of the pit.
5. The roots are straightened and sprinkled with soil. The earth is carefully tamped.
6. A small mound of earth is formed near the trunk, so that the root collar does not deepen when the soil settles.
7. The seedling is watered with 3 buckets of water, then the hole is mulched.

Plant care

Caring for a pear tree consists of pruning, feeding and proper watering. Timely implementation of these measures will ensure good development of the tree, which will subsequently affect the quantity and quality of the crop.

Watering

The pear tree needs to be watered several times throughout the spring and summer. The most suitable irrigation method is overhead irrigation. It is carried out using static or rotating nozzles. If there are none, a hole is formed around the pear with a depression along the edges of 15–20 cm, where water is poured. The tree is watered at the rate of 3 buckets of water per 1 m² of the near-trunk area.

Pruning

The technique of pruning branches into a ring and a bud

In the first 3-4 years after planting, the crown of the tree is formed. The pear is characterized by two types of crown:

1. Free growing palmette. The crown consists of one central conductor and single skeletal branches.
2. Sparse-tiered crown. The branches are arranged in tiers, each of which has from 2 to 3 skeletal branches.

The first pruning is carried out immediately after planting the seedling in the open ground. Choose 4 strong, well-developed branches, equidistant from each other. They are shortened by ¼ at the same height. The main conductor is left 20-25 cm higher.

In subsequent years, pruning consists in removing damaged and infected branches, thinning the crown, and removing overgrowth. Large branches are removed on a ring, leaving no hemp.

Spring pruning of pears - video

Top dressing

Fertilizing pears should be given special attention. The tree grows well only on nutritious soils. In the first year after planting, a young pear does not need additional feeding. It is recommended to apply fertilizers from the second year after planting.

Fertilization - table

Type of feeding	Period	Facilities
Root	Autumn	Small depressions are dug in the near-stem area and 20 g of potassium sulfate, 20 g of superphosphate per 1 m² are added.
	Autumn, before frost	The hole is mulched with a layer of manure, peat or humus 10-15 cm thick.
	Early spring, before flowering	Urea solution: stir 80–120 g of fertilizer in 5 liters of water (per tree).
	May	Nitroammophoska solution: 1 kg of powder per 200 liters of water. One adult tree needs 3 buckets of solution.
Foliar	After flowering for 5-6 days	Urea solution: 50 g of powder per 10 liters of water. Re-spraying is carried out after 14-28 days.
	After flowering and during fruit growth	Bromine solution: 10-15 g per 10 liters of water.

Preparing for winter

• Young pears are especially vulnerable in winter. To prevent frostbite, trees up to four years old are completely wrapped in paper.
• To protect against frost in older pears, the trunk is wrapped in a special garden shelter. In snowy regions, cover the lower part of the trunk with a thick layer of snow.
• In autumn, the trunk and skeletal branches are whitewashed with lime. To protect against rodents, the lower part of the trunk is wrapped in a special net or spruce branches.
• To protect the roots of a young pear from freezing, the peri-stem circle is mulched with soil or sawdust in a layer of 15–20 cm.

Autumn mulching of the tree trunk circle will help the root system to winter safely

Diseases and pests

Pear Lada has a high immunity to various pests and diseases, including scab. However, with improper care and violation of the rules of agricultural technology, the tree can be affected by some pests and fungal diseases.

Pest control measures - table

Pest	Description and nature of the defeat	Processing period	Control measures	Prevention
Winter moth	Gray butterfly up to 1 cm long. Lays larvae in cracks in the bark near the kidneys. With development, the caterpillar of yellow-green color gnaws at buds, branches, flowers, leaves. Signs: the leaves are covered with a thin web, where the caterpillar is hiding, skeletonization of the leaf plates is observed.	Before flowering	Treatment with Cyanox, Zolon preparations according to the instructions.	Autumn digging of soil under trees and in the aisle. Collecting and destroying caterpillars. Whitewashing the trunk, cleaning the bark from moss.
		Before bud break	Preparations Nitrafen, Oleocobrite according to the instructions.
Pear sawfly weaver	Insect with a black head and a red belly up to 14 mm long. Dark stripes are clearly visible on the wings. The larvae are orange caterpillars up to 2 cm with two processes on the head. They develop in spider nests on the lower part of the leaf, eating away at its flesh. Signs: leaves of irregular shape with thin cobwebs and caterpillars.	Before bud break	Preparations Karbofos, Gardona according to the instructions.	Compliance with the rules of cultivation. Digging the soil of the near-stem circle. Manual collection and burning of spider nests with larvae.
		After flowering	Preparations Actellik, Phosphamide according to the instructions.
Flower beetle	The beetle is brown, up to 4.5 mm long. Hibernates in cracks in the bark, under fallen leaves. The beetle feeds on the kidneys, gnawing holes in them. Females lay eggs in flower buds. During development, the larvae eat up the contents of the bud and glue the unblown petals with excrement. Young beetles feed on leaves. Signs: small holes appear in the kidneys, from which juice is released; many unblown and dried buds.	Budding period	Preparations Corsair, Actellik according to the instructions.	Collection and burning of fallen leaves. Digging of the near-stem section in late autumn. Installation of trapping belts.
		The period of swelling and budding	Shaking off beetles on the litter. The collected insects are poured with kerosene.
		After flowering	Treatment with Metaphos, Chlorofos preparations according to the instructions.

Harmful insects in the photo

Flower-eating beetles feed on tree leaves, then crawl around the garden and look for places for wintering

With a massive invasion of caterpillars of the winter moth, only veins remain from the leaves

The larvae of the pear sawfly weaver stick together, entangle the leaves with spider webs, forming a nest similar to that of an apple moth

Control measures and prevention of diseases - table

Disease	Description and nature of the defeat	Processing period	Control measures	Prevention
Pome fruit rot	Fungal disease. Signs: brown spots on the surface of the fruit. The pulp of the pear becomes loose and loses its flavor. White growths are formed on the fruits, which are arranged in concentric circles. Affected fruits fall off or mummify, remaining on the tree. Such a fruit may not fall off for two years and cause infection.	Before bud break	Trees and soil are sprayed with copper sulfate, Oleocobrite according to the instructions.	Removal of mummified and affected fruits. Before bud break, wood treatment with 4% Bordeaux liquid.
		Immediately after flowering	Preparations Horus, Tsineb, Phtalan, copper oxychloride, Bordeaux liquid 1%.
Rust	Fungal disease. Reddish spots of a round shape appear on the leaf plate, which increase over time. In the middle of summer, star-shaped growths appear on the lower part of the leaf. Leaves fall prematurely.	During bud break.	Bordeaux liquid 1%, Nitrafen.	Collection and burning of fallen leaves. Regular loosening of the soil under the tree. Before bud break, treatment of trees with 4% Bordeaux liquid. Treatment of young leaves with Vectra, Skor, Zircon according to the instructions.
		After flowering	Bordeaux liquid 1%, copper oxychloride according to the instructions.
False tinder	This fungus causes white rot of wood. Signs: woody growths of a hoof-like or flattened shape appear on the trunk and branches. Color from yellow to brown. The top is covered with small cracks.	July	The mushroom is cut off, the wound is disinfected with a solution of copper sulfate and covered with garden varnish.	Autumnal whitewashing of the trunk and skeletal branches with lime. Protection of the tree from mechanical damage to the bark.
Cytosporosis	Fungal disease. Strikes weakened trees. As a result of infection, areas of the bark of branches and trunk dry out, which leads to their subsequent death.	At the first manifestations of the disease	The damaged areas of the bark are removed to healthy wood. The cut site is disinfected with copper sulfate.	Processing of cuts after pruning with garden pitch. Compliance with agricultural technology. Autumn whitewashing of trunks with lime. Removing mummified fruits from a tree.

Pear diseases in the photo

The bark affected by cytosporosis sinks, dies off, cracks form on the border of healthy and affected tissue

The first signs of rust are clearly visible in July

Mass spread of fruit rot is observed in the second half of summer, especially at high temperatures and humidity.

False tinder fungus settles on pear trunks and causes white rot

Harvesting and storage

Lada is a fast-growing variety of early ripening. With proper care and adherence to agricultural technology, the first pears are removed 3-4 years after planting. The fruits begin to ripen in mid-August. The average yield per tree is 50 kg. The fruits do not crumble after ripening.

The Lada variety has a high annual yield.

Pears are stored in a cool dark place at a temperature of + 1 … + 4 ° C and high humidity. Fruits with a stalk are carefully placed in a plastic or wooden container, the bottom of which is covered with clean paper. Pears are stored for 2–2.5 months.

For longer storage, dried fruits are prepared from pears of this variety. The fruits can be dried naturally or using special drying cabinets.

Pears of this variety are suitable for drying

Fresh pears are consumed as an independent dessert or as a component. They are also suitable for making preserves, juices, and fermented milk dessert fillers.

Reviews of gardeners about the variety

Arinka

https://dachniiotvet.galaktikalife.ru/viewtopic.php?t=590&start=30

Lover

https://dacha.wcb.ru/lofiversion/index.php?t3045.html

Anona

https://forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9965

aliyttt

https://mnogodetok.ru/viewtopic.php?t=44274

Olga_D

https://www.divosad.ru/forum/9–39–1

The pear variety Lada is unpretentious to growing conditions, with proper care it gives high yields. Fruits with a high tasting rating and an attractive presentation are a favorite delicacy of adults and children. One tree on the site is enough to provide the family with fresh fruit and seasonal conservation.