Endova Top And Bottom, Purpose And Characteristics, As Well As Mounting Features

2024 Author: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 22:26

Endova roofing: types and secrets of installation

The roof is the “crown” of the building. The owners of private houses strive to make it functional and practical, without forgetting about its visual appeal. The classic gable roof with a ridge is gradually becoming a thing of the past. They are being replaced by complex architectural varieties, consisting of roofing material and connecting elements - extensions. One of them is the endova.

Content

• 1 What is a valley

  1.1 Photo gallery: valley roofs

• 2 Construction functions

• 3 Types and device of valleys

  • 3.1 Table: comparison of different ends
  • 3.2 Photo gallery: varieties of valleys

  • 3.3 Lower end: purpose and characteristics

    • 3.3.1 Dimensions of the bottom valley
    • 3.3.2 Features of mounting the bottom strip

  • 3.4 Upper endow: purpose and characteristics

    • 3.4.1 Upper valley dimensions
    • 3.4.2 Features of mounting the top strip
  • 3.5 Video: installation of the valley
• 4 Endowment care
• 5 Video: attaching the rafters to the valley

What is endova

The term "endova" has two meanings. In general use, this is an internal negative angle formed at the junction of two roof planes. He is one of the critical nodes of the roof deck. The importance is due to the increased load on the site. Snow beds accumulate here, the mass of which is several times greater than the weight of the snowdrifts on the rest of the roof area. If the snow load on the slope is 200–240 kg / m ², then in the corners it can reach 500 kg / m ².

The more complex the shape of the roof, the more additional components are required.

In construction practice, a narrow interpretation of the concept is used, according to which the valley is an inwardly bent bar for the design of the junction of the slopes. Its second name is gutter. For production, materials similar to the main coating are used. The slate is supplemented with an asbestos-cement strip, and the corrugated board and metal tile are supplemented with a galvanized steel sheet with a polymer coating. The shade of the valley matches the color of the roof. This allows you to create the visual integrity of the roof, a harmonious combination of all elements of the device. In rare cases, you can find aluminum or copper products. All materials must have high mechanical strength, long service life and the ability to resist moisture.

The valley bar is covered with an anti-corrosion compound

The configuration of the roofs requiring the installation of such accessories may be different. Endovas are mounted on multi-gable roofs and their particular varieties: T-shaped, L-shaped and cruciform shapes. The element allows you to make roof curves formed by the protrusions of roof or dormer windows. The more complex the design, the more grooves will be required.

Photo gallery: valley roofs

Poor gutter installation increases the risk of leaks

The endova should fit snugly against the edges of the slope

For cruciform roofs, the planks are installed from the eaves to the ridge.

The outer valley is referred to as decorative elements of the roof

The more ends, the more expensive their service

It is advisable to select the same color solutions for the valley and roof

Construction functions

Improper design or installation of the valley can lead to dire consequences, the most dangerous of which is the collapse of the roof. This is possible if snow accumulates in the corners, creating a load greater than the maximum allowable.

A well-designed valley performs the following functions:

• connects adjacent inclined planes that form an internal corner at the interface;
• quickly transports and removes rainwater flowing into the drainage system along the groove;
• protects the roof from leaks and dirt;
• prevents debris (fallen leaves, tree branches) and insects from entering the under-roof space;
• gives an aesthetic, finished look to the roof.

Endova is the most vulnerable zone for atmospheric precipitation

Types and device of valleys

Structurally, a roof valley consists of several parts: a waterproofing layer, a lower and upper planks. Each of these parts has its own purpose. Planks are available in various designs and geometric dimensions. The parameters are determined depending on the slope of the slope, the type of roofing, wind and snow loads.

The valleys of the valley are in direct contact with the atmosphere, so they must be made of high quality materials

There are 3 types:

1. Open valley. It is used where the joint of intersecting parts of the roof has a small gap. In this space, a trough for water drainage is laid. Suitable for slightly sloped roofs.
2. Closed valley. A distinctive feature is that the slopes are butt to each other, without open areas. Common among structures with a large angle of inclination. In this case, there is no upper bar.
3. Articulated or interlaced variation. It is characterized by the interlacing of two roofing sheets with each other at their intersection. It is mounted on steep slopes and requires a waterproofing layer.

The disadvantage of closed and intertwined types of valleys is additional waterproofing

Table: comparison of different ends

View	Installation features	Functionality	Aesthetics
Open	Easy installation, no outside experts required	Water drains quickly, practically does not linger on the roof	Does not differ in decorative value and presentable appearance
Closed	Average complexity of work performed	Water drainage is characterized by an average speed	High aesthetics, the design of the corners does not affect the perception of the roof
Intertwined	Time-consuming installation with low process performance	Precipitation is discharged at the same rate as in a closed valley	Excellent appearance, the roof of intersecting slopes forms a single composition

Photo gallery: varieties of valleys

In the interwoven valley, roofing sheets are woven into a "pigtail"

The most common building solution is an open valley with a decorative strip

The roof on the slopes of the closed valley is tightly fitted to each other

The open valley option is characterized by a high water flow rate

Lower endova: purpose and characteristics

The lower, or false, plank is a wide strip or plate with a bend angle equal to the angle of connection of the roof slopes. On the edges of the shelves there are additional folds in the form of sides. The purpose of the lower element is to effectively remove moisture accumulating in the corners of the roof, preventing liquids from entering the roof. It is this pad that takes all the load. Installed before the start of work.

To fix the valley, roofing screws or clamps are used, attached to the crate and sides. For effective sealing, a valley carpet is laid under the plank.

Since the lower plank of the valley is hidden, it is allowed to use galvanized sheets without powder coating

Lower valley dimensions

Companies engaged in the production of corrugated board and metal tiles offer to purchase metal gutters with shelves 100-600 mm wide. Elements with bends of 298x298 mm are often found. The smaller the width, the worse the valley copes with a large volume of precipitation. A narrow gutter should be used when the total length of the valley is not more than 4 m. Ideally, the overlap of the roofing sheet on the plank should be at least 250 mm.

The sheet thickness varies from 0.4 to 1.2 mm. If there is a discontinuous lathing under the valley, then the optimal thickness of the lower plank is 0.5–0.7 mm. The standard length is 2000 mm. The density of the zinc coating capable of resisting corrosion is not less than 275 g / m ².

The internal corner is adjusted to the customer's dimensions: for this, the angle formed by the roof joint is measured.

In an effort to save money, many private homeowners use cheap, thin sheet metal, arguing the hidden position of the bottom bar. Despite the fact that the inner valley is not involved in the aesthetics of the structure, the strength and rigidity of the roof depends on it. Therefore, savings are inappropriate here.

Manufacturers offer a wide range of valley sizes for specific customer needs

Features of mounting the bottom bar

The installation of the bottom metal strip does not require any special engineering or construction knowledge. Even a beginner can handle the process. Of course, before starting work, you need to study several technical nuances.

For installation, you will need a set of cutting, fastening, measuring and auxiliary tools:

• hacksaw for metal and wood;
• screwdriver or electric drill;
• marker or pencil for marking;
• a hammer;
• sealant gun;
• self-tapping screws and cleats;

• waterproofing film.

  

  To reduce the installation time, all tools for working with the valley must be prepared in advance

Recommended procedure for installing the lower valley:

1. Installation and fastening of an additional valley lathing. The peculiarity of the flooring is a continuous, gap-free joining of timber or boards. It is produced after the creation of the main roof frame. The material is an edged board with a width greater than the width of the lower plank, and a thickness equal to the dimensions of the remaining bars of the roof sheathing. Nailed over the rafters. The wood must be treated with antiseptic agents.

   

   Solid valley lathing allows you to evenly distribute the load over the entire plank area

2. Waterproofing. A waterproofing layer is always present along the valley gutter. As it is used a roll-down carpet, laid on top of the cushioning material. It consists of non-woven polyester fibers, bitumen impregnation and dressing. This additional waterproofing guarantees 100% moisture protection. The width of the cover should be 100–150 mm larger than the plank. So, for the lower plank with a shelf width of 200x200 mm, a waterproofing pad of 300x300 mm is required. There are 2 methods for installing carpet:

   • gluing;

   • nailing with galvanized nails with a pitch of 200–250 mm and a distance of 20–30 mm from the edge.

     

     More use for the valley is the fastening of the waterproofing layer with nails

3. Installation of the lower bar. It starts from the eaves and up to the ridge. It is carried out using self-tapping screws located at a distance of 300 mm. Screwing is done directly into the batten. Another way of fastening is with clamps, clinging to the side of the bar. If a false shade consists of several parts, then each is laid with an overlap of 300 mm in relation to the previous one. In this case, the section mounted below is wound under the one that is located above. Each joint is coated with a sealant or bitumen mastic. A self-adhesive seal is installed on the fixed metal strip along its length to prevent clogging of the under-roof area. It reliably presses the roofing sheet against the strip.

   

   From the point of view of tightness, the best fastening method for the lower bar is with clamps

4. Laying the material over the bottom plank. The metal tile or corrugated board is cut along the edge, keeping the size up to the bend of the valley 60–100 mm. The roof is fixed in a standard way: for profiled materials, the bottom wave serves as the attachment point. The recommended distance from the screws to the center of the plank is 250 mm. After installation of the roof, the valley is ready; it can be used open. But to improve the attractiveness of the joint, to hide installation defects, the upper bar is used.

   

   The roofing material is fastened with self-tapping screws.

Upper endova: purpose and characteristics

The top bar is made in the form of a bent profile with flanging along the long side. A small depression is formed in the center, which serves to drain water. At the same time, the drain gutter acts as a stiffener. In principle, an external valley is optional. The purpose of the strip is additional protection of the joint against leaks, extending the service life of the lower strip and decorating the valley. Unlike the internal one, it is attached over the sheets of the roofing sheet.

The installation of the upper end strip can be abandoned in several justified cases:

• an open bottom bar provides a large drainage capacity, which is important for regions with frequent rainfall;
• melting snow containing branches and other debris is facilitated if only the lower bar is installed;
• for roofs with a low pitch angle.

The color of the valley is matched to the tone of the roof according to the international RAL catalog

Upper valley dimensions

The top bar is made of sheet metal with a thickness of 0.4–0.6 mm. The surface is covered with several protective layers of aluminum and zinc. They protect the metal from the occurrence of foci of corrosion, even in the places of drilling or cuts of the strip. The aesthetics of the product are made using polyester-based polymer enamel. The coating is resistant to UV radiation, mechanical scratches, chips and moisture. During the entire service life, the planks do not fade in the sun.

The size of the outer pad is not as critical as the bottom. The main thing is that the dimensions overlap the sections of the corrugated board or metal tiles. The width of the shelves ranges from 50 to 500 mm. The optimum flange height is 20 mm. For the purposes of unification, manufacturers have adopted a standard length of 2000 mm.

The dimensions of the valley are shown for informational purposes only, custom production is possible

Features of mounting the top bar

The final stage of the valley installation is the installation of the upper bar. The sequence of work resembles the installation of the lower valley.

Main steps:

1. Installing the top roof lining. It must be done from the bottom up, from the overhang to the roof ridge. The planks of the prefabricated valley should be joined together with an overlap of at least 100 mm. It is convenient to measure the required distance using a tape measure, and mark it with a marker or chalk. The upper bar should protrude 15–20 cm above the lower one.

   

   The top plank fits onto the roof from both sides

2. Attaching the overlay. The outer part is screwed with self-tapping screws to the upper ridges of the profiled roof sheet. It is very important to exclude the self-tapping screws from getting into the middle of the lower bar. If the hardware breaks through the falshend, then the waterproofing will be broken in this place. When performing work, it must be remembered that the installation of self-expanding seals between the decorative strip and the roof is not required. To seal the overlaps, sealants are used that are applied with a special gun or their tape counterparts.

   

   The tape is easy to use, just cut to the desired size and stick to the required part

Video: installation of the valley

Endova care

In order for the valley to serve for a long time and perform its tasks efficiently, it must be carefully looked after. The roof maintenance process should become a habit for every homeowner.

Practical recommendations:

1. In the summer and autumn seasons, carefully clean the valleys and the water intake funnel from accumulated debris, dirt, leaves and foreign objects. To do this, you can use a broom or a soft bristled brush. Cleaning starts with the ramps, the valley is serviced last.
2. Periodically, several times a year, inspect the condition of the planks, the tightness to the roofing material. Rebuild sealing tapes and gaskets as necessary.
3. In winter, it is important to promptly remove the snow cover at the time of its excessive accumulation. This will protect the valley planks from deformation resulting in leaks. The tool is a wooden shovel or a scraper with a rubberized working edge. The longer the handle of the roof scraper, the more comfortable it is to work.

Work is carried out in accordance with safety regulations

Video: attaching rafters to the valley

The installation of valleys is the final point in the completion of the construction of a house or other structure. The structure is installed at the junctions of slopes with negative angles. Only the correct selection of materials, high-quality waterproofing and constant maintenance of the finished element will provide reliable protection against precipitation.