Pear Conference: Description And Characteristics Of The Variety, Advantages And Disadvantages, Planting And Care Features + Photos And Reviews

2024 Author: Bailey Albertson | [email protected]. Last modified: 2024-01-17 22:26

Conference is the world leader in the pear market

An ancient high-yielding pear The conference still occupies a leading position in the world fruit market. This is one of the best varieties in terms of taste and long shelf life. Industrial plantings of the Conference are in most of the countries of Europe and America. This pear is also grown in Russia - there is a successful experience of amateur gardeners.

Content

• 1 Description of pear Conference

  • 1.1 Video about the variety
  • 1.2 Comparison of characteristics of popular southern varieties - table
  • 1.3 Advantages and disadvantages of the Conference - table

• 2 Subtleties of landing

  • 2.1 Standards for landing distance - table

  • 2.2 Step by step process

    2.2.1 How to plant a pear - video

  • 2.3 Self-fertility and pollinators

• 3 Pear care

  • 3.1 Cropping
  • 3.2 Watering
  • 3.3 Fertilization
  • 3.4 Preparing for winter
  • 3.5 Pear Conference bears fruit in Kaliningrad - video

• 4 Diseases and pests

  • 4.1 Fight against diseases and harmful insects - table
  • 4.2 Pests and signs of diseases in the photo

• 5 Collection, storage and use of crops

  5.1 Pear yield Conference on different rootstocks - table

• 6 Reviews of gardeners

Description of pear Conference

This variety appeared in Great Britain at the end of the 19th century and quickly gained popularity due to the excellent quality of the fruit. Now it is grown almost all over the world in regions with a fairly mild climate. One of the main varieties for commercial production.

Delicious conference pears are well kept

The Conference pear is a tree of moderate growth with a dense pyramidal crown. On a vigorous pear stock grows up to 6-8 meters in height, dwarf trees grafted on quince - from 2.5 to 4 meters.

Fruits are elongated and elongated, medium size (110-150 g). Pears of excellent dessert taste, green or yellowish-green, with a lot of characteristic brownish and slightly rough spots. Ripening period in autumn - the fruits are removed at the end of September.

Variety video

Comparison of characteristics of popular southern varieties - table

Variety name	Fruit taste	Fruit size in grams	Fruit ripening period	Consumption period
The conference	a great	110-150	autumn (end of September)	November - January
Bere Giffard	a great	90-120	early summer (end of July)	late July - early August
Bere Ardanpon	a great	180-250	winter (October)	December - January
Pass-Crassan	a great	240-320	winter (October)	December - February
Williams	a great	160-200	late summer (end of August)	Aug. Sept
Clapp's favorite	a great	180-200	summer (early August)	August
Olivier de Serre	a great	150-160	winter (October)	December - March

Rough brownish spots on the skin of the fruit - varietal sign of the pear Conference

Advantages and disadvantages of the Conference - table

Advantages	disadvantages
Great fruit taste	Insufficiently attractive fruit appearance
Long storage period	Low drought tolerance
Increased disease resistance, especially to scab	Insufficient winter hardiness (up to -15 … -20 ºС)
Annual fruiting	The taste and size of the fruit is very dependent on weather conditions - pears do not ripen in a cold cloudy summer
Very high yield
Early entry into fruiting
High self-fertility

Landing subtleties

The pear is demanding on light and very thermophilic. For her, protection from dry winds and cold winds is mandatory. Low damp places with high groundwater levels and dry rocky limestone slopes are not suitable for pear gardens. The soil should be fertile and neutral. The Conference pear variety grows well and gives full harvests only in regions with a mild and fairly humid climate.

Flowering of a pear shaped like a palmette on a trellis

Landing distance standards - table

Rootstock type	Formation	Spacing between rows	Spacing between trees in a row
Vigorous (wild pear seedlings)	regular rounded crown	7-8 m	5-6 m
Dwarf (quince)	regular rounded crown	5-6 m	3-4 m
Dwarf (quince)	palmette on a trellis	3–3.5 m	2-2.5 m

In the southern regions with dry springs, pears are planted in autumn - October. In areas with rainy spring, can be planted in March-April before bud break.

Pits for planting are prepared in advance (for spring planting - from autumn, for autumn - 3-4 weeks before the scheduled date). For trees on a vigorous rootstock, the width of the planting holes is 1–1.5 m, and the depth is 0.5–1 m. For a dwarf pear on a quince, the width of the holes is 0.8–0.9 meters, the depth is 0.4–0, 8 meters. Trellis for palmette with a height of 2.5-3 meters are installed simultaneously with the preparation of seats. For the installation of trellises, strong pillars (reinforced concrete or metal) are used, between which several rows of thick wire are stretched every 30-60 centimeters from each other.

Before buying a seedling, you must carefully examine it. Roots require special attention (they must be fresh and lively, not dry, without damage and growth) and the condition of the bark at the site of grafting (must be smooth, well-accreted, without cracks and signs of rot). Be sure to ask the seller about the rootstock of the seedling.

The planted pear tree is tied to a peg

Step by step process

1. A strong stake is fixed in the pit for tying the seedling.
2. A pre-prepared mixture of soil removed from it with well-rotted organic matter (old compost or humus) is poured onto the bottom of the pit to form a mound.
3. A seedling is placed on a mound so that after planting its root collar is at the same level.
4. The roots are carefully spread.
5. The pit is covered with earth mixed with organic matter.
6. Gently compact the soil after planting so that there are no voids near the roots.
7. Water abundantly (approximately 2-3 buckets of water for 1 tree).
8. Mulch with sawdust, straw or humus.
9. At the end of planting, the seedling is tied to a peg.

How to plant a pear - video

Self-fertility and pollinators

The Conference pear variety is highly self-fertile and can produce good yields without a pollinator. With cross-pollination, the fruits will be even more. The best pollinators for the variety are Bere Ardanpon, Lyubimitsa Klappa, Williams, Pass-Crassan.

Pear care

Pruning

The main shaping pruning of pear trees is carried out in early spring - in March, before the budding begins. If necessary, during the season, sanitary pruning is performed - dry, damaged and diseased branches are removed. When the crown of young trees is formed, their branches are bent to a horizontal position for an earlier start of fruiting.

In an amateur garden, pear trees are usually formed with a rounded crown in a sparse-tiered system. It is equally applicable for vigorous and dwarf trees.

The formation of a sparse-tiered crown of a pear occurs in stages

The sparse-tiered crown is formed as follows:

1. Cut off the top of the seedling immediately after planting to stimulate branching.
2. In the second year, in the spring, shorten the tops of strong lateral shoots selected for obtaining skeletal branches. To do this, choose shoots located on opposite sides of the tree trunk, not too close to each other. Remove excess weak shoots completely.
3. Every spring, remove excess shoots and shorten strong ones.
4. When the tree has reached the desired height, cut the topmost shoot growing vertically.

In industrial gardens, dwarf pears are most often formed in the form of palmettes on a trellis. The result is low "green walls", very convenient for tree care and harvesting. However, such palmette shaping is more time consuming and requires constant attention. The general principles (trimming the top of the planted seedling, removing excess weak shoots on the trunk of a young tree, cutting off the upper shoot at the desired height) coincide with the sparse-tiered form. But there are also significant differences:

• To form the main skeletal branches of palmette, only shoots located in the same plane with the trellis are used.
• The tops of the skeletal branches are not shortened.
• All main branches must be tied to the trellis.
• Branches growing too strongly are bent to a position close to horizontal.

When forming palmette, all large branches of the tree are located in one plane

Watering

The Conference pear is very demanding on soil and air moisture compared to other varieties. In too dry areas, it grows poorly, the quality of the fruit deteriorates sharply. For industrial gardens, drip irrigation is most often used, which allows the most economical use of water. When sprinkling, most of the water is wasted before reaching the roots.

Installing a drip irrigation system in the garden saves scarce water

In an amateur garden, pear trees are watered in a near-trunk circle, then the soil is loosened and, if possible, mulched with organic matter. During the season, pears require from 5-6 to 10-12 irrigations, depending on the amount of precipitation. A young tree needs 2–5 buckets of water, and an adult garden needs 3–5 buckets for each square meter of the trunk circle. If the weather is dry in autumn, in October, water-charging irrigation is needed, which improves the wintering conditions of trees.

If well cared for, the Conference pear yields abundant yields of delicious fruits

Fertilizer

A pear needs a lot of humus in the soil. During spring digging of soil in the garden, from 2 to 6 buckets of humus are applied to each tree, focusing on its age and size. In cases of organic deficiency, 25–45 grams of ammonium nitrate per square meter is applied in the spring, and 25–35 grams of potassium sulphate and 45–65 grams of superphosphate during autumn digging. The autumn application of nitrogen interferes with the maturation of the shoots and worsens wintering.

Environmentally friendly pear fruits are obtained using organic fertilizers

Preparing for winter

Pear Conference belongs to the heat-loving southern varieties and can withstand frosts no more than -15… -20 ºС. Young trees are especially sensitive to winter cold. Winter hardiness increases with age. To protect against frost and rodents, the stems of young trees are tied with coniferous spruce branches or a non-woven covering material that allows air to pass through. The shelter is removed early in the spring. If the airtight shelter is too warm, there is a danger of heating the bark during winter thaws, causing the death of plants.

Pear Conference bears fruit in Kaliningrad - video

Diseases and pests

Conference pear is quite resistant to diseases, especially scab. May be affected by pests. In the hobby garden, chemical treatments should be avoided whenever possible, preferring more environmentally friendly methods.

Fight against diseases and harmful insects - table

Name	How does it manifest	Prevention	Chemical methods of struggle
Pear gall mite	Very small mites that live inside the leaves. Small swellings (galls) appear on the leaves, which gradually turn black and dry.	Careful examination of seedlings and cuttings when buying, so as not to bring the pest into the garden.	Spraying at the beginning of bud expansion; again - immediately after flowering and in July-August. A solution of colloidal sulfur (100 grams of sulfur per 10 liters of water), organophosphorus acaricides (Aktellik, Fufanon) are used.
Pear moth	Gray butterfly of medium size. Caterpillars eat seeds in fruits.	Fishing belts. Collect and destroy the wormy carrion. After leaf fall, burning of foliage and digging up the soil.	Spraying at the beginning of bud expansion; repeat after the end of flowering (1 Inta-Vira tablet per 10 liters of water).
Different types of aphids	Green or black small soft insects sucking juices from leaves.	Destruction of ants - carriers of aphids. Attracting predatory insects to the garden - ladybirds, lacewings.	Spraying at the beginning of bud expansion (1 Inta-Vira tablet per 10 liters of water).
Pear Copper	In spring, very small insects appear on the unfolding buds, sucking the juice out of them.	Removal of dead bark and subsequent whitewashing of tree boles. Burning fallen leaves.
Pear flower beetle	Small weevils. In early spring, the beetle larvae damage the flower buds from the inside, and they do not bloom.	Shaking beetles off the branches onto the litter (in the morning in cold weather). The collected beetles are destroyed.	Spraying before bud expansion - Actellic, Fufanon and other organophosphate insecticides.
Sooty fungus	Forms a black bloom on the leaves, similar to soot.	Fight against aphids and copperhead - this fungus settles on their secretions.	Leaves can be washed off with plain water.
Fruit rot (moniliosis)	Pears develop soft brown spots with an unpleasant odor, very quickly occupying the entire fruit.	Collection and burning of dried fruits. Digging the soil after leaf fall.	Spraying at the beginning of bud expansion - Bordeaux liquid 1%
Pear rust	Orange-black spots appear on leaves and fruits.	Avoid the vicinity of the juniper (intermediate host of this disease).
Pear scab	Dark brown spots on fruits, young branches and leaves.	Burning of affected branches and fruits, fallen leaves. Digging the soil after leaf fall.	Spraying at the beginning of bud expansion; again - immediately after flowering. Bordeaux liquid 1%, fungicide Skor (difenoconazole) are used

Pests and signs of diseases in the photo

Pear beetle can leave a garden without a crop

This leaf is damaged by a pear gall mite

Pear aphids reproduce very quickly.

Caterpillars of the pear moth eat the seeds in the fruit

Pear honeydew damages the blossoming buds and young leaves of the pear

Soot deposits from leaves can be easily washed off with plain water

Rust is a common disease in pears and junipers. Don't plant them nearby!

Fruit rot is easily transmitted from diseased fruit to healthy one.

Pears affected by scab lose their presentation and are poorly stored

Collection, storage and use of crops

Conference is a fast growing and very productive variety. Trees begin to bear fruit early and, as they grow, increase the yield, bear fruit annually - without frequency. Conferences on a vigorous pear rootstock are very durable and produce crops for many decades. Quince dwarf trees age faster.

The fruits ripen at the end of September and can be stored until January in the refrigerator or in a cool dry basement. They are harvested slightly immature, in storage they gradually ripen. Delicious and flavorful pears become ready to eat in November. The harvested fruits can easily withstand transportation over long distances, they can be seen in any supermarket.

Pear yield Conference on different rootstocks - table

Rootstock type	Harvest from 1 tree	The beginning of fruiting
Vigorous (pear seedlings)	60-70 kg and more	5-6 years
Dwarf (quince)	up to 40-45 kg	3-4 years

The fruits of the Conference are delicious fresh and can be used for different types of processing. It is considered the best variety for making sweet desserts, fruit pies.

Conference pears are ideal for preparing delicious desserts

Gardeners reviews

Melissa

https://www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/archive/index.php/t-1477.html

Oleg Noshchenko

https://forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-9733.html

Doctor-KKZ

https://forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-9733.html

Konstantin ROZHKOV

https://www.youtubecom/w atch? v = NIiVIkKX_Gc

Pear Conference with tasty and well-stored fruits has long been a leader in industrial gardens in Europe, America and southern Russia. With pleasure this variety is also grown by amateur gardeners. With proper care, the pear will surely thank you with a bountiful harvest of beautiful fruits!